Veronica catenata Pennell. Chain Speedwell. Phen: Apr-Oct. Hab: Streams and wetlands. Dist: Circumboreal, the southern limits obscure because of taxonomic confusion, misidentifications, and misattributions.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy: = C, FNA17, K4, NE, NY, Tn, Crow & Hellquist (2000a), Stace (2010); = Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. var. glandulosa Farw. – Mi; < Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. – K1, K3, Pa, W, Walters & Webb (1972) in Tutin et al (1972); > Veronica catenata Pennell – Pennell (1935), Walters & Webb (1972) in Tutin et al (1972); > Veronica catenata Pennell var. catenata – GrPl; > Veronica catenata Pennell var. glandulosa (Farw.) Pennell – GrPl; > Veronica comosa Richt. – F, Il; > Veronica connata Raf. var. typica – Pennell (1935); > Veronica glandifera Pennell – S, Pennell (1935); > Veronica salina Schur – G

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: OBL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: OBL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: OBL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: OBL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily: 7