Menyanthes trifoliata Linnaeus. Buckbean, Bogbean. Phen: Apr-Jun. Hab: Mucky soils of mountain fens at high elevations over amphibolite (in the Blue Ridge), boggy marshes over calcareous rocks (in the Ridge and Valley), seepage swamps (in the Coastal Plain). Dist: This circumboreal species is widespread in n. North America and n. Eurasia, ranging south in North America to NJ, DE, w. VA, IN, s. MO, and CA, and disjunct to Long Hope Valley, Watauga County, NC.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Other Comments: The NC populations are disjunct about 400 km from the next nearest populations in VA and WV. McDowell (1984) reported the first documentation of the species for NC.

Synonymy: = C, G, GrPl, K1, K3, K4, Mi, NE, NY, Pa, Tat, Va, W, WV, Wood (1983a); = n/a – RAB; > Menyanthes trifoliata L. var. minor Fernald – F, Il

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: OBL
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: OBL
• Great Plains: OBL
• Midwest: OBL
• Northcentral & Northeast: OBL

Heliophily: 8