Melanthera nivea (Linnaeus) Small. Common name: Snowy Black-anthers, Snow Squarestem. Phenology: Jun-Oct. Habitat: Calcareous outcrops, sandy woodlands. Distribution: E. SC south to s. FL, west to LA; also widespread in the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela).

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Additional taxa have sometimes been recognized within what is treated here as a very broad M. nivea; they warrant additional study.

Synonymy ⓘ: = FNA21, Il, K4, Mex, SE1, Tn, Franck et al (2021), Wagner & Robinson (2001); = n/a — C, F; > Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Spreng.; > Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Spreng. var. aspera — SFla, Parks (1973); > Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Spreng. var. glabriuscula (Kuntze) J.C.Parks — Bah, V, Parks (1973); > Melanthera deltoidea Michx. — S; > Melanthera hastata Michx. — RAB, S; > Melanthera ligulata Small — S, Parks (1973); < Melanthera nivea (L.) Small — Fl7, WH3, WI; > Melanthera nivea (L.) Small — SFla, Parks (1973); Bidens nivea Linnaeus. Basionym: Bidens nivea L. 1753

Links to other floras: = Melanthera nivea - FNA21

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU
• Midwest: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily ⓘ: 5