Vernonia Schreber. Ironweed.
A genus of about 20 species, perennial herbs, of e. and c. North America and n. Mexico; a few species in South America. Traditionally very broadly circumscribed to include about 500 species, trees, shrubs, and herbs, of tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions, especially America and Africa; this broader circumscription appears increasingly indefensible.
ID notes: Hybrids are frequent between co-occurring species. Only V. ×georgiana is keyed separately below (because of its distinctive appearance). Others may be recognized by intermediate morphology and ecological / geographic context.
Ref: Faust (1972); Jones (1982); Jones In Cronquist (1980); Siniscalchi et al. (2019); Strother (2006l) In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2006a); Urbatsch (1972); Ward (2012a). Show full citations.
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© Paul Marcum | 
© Paul Marcum | 
© Gary P. Fleming | 
© Deb Tyler, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Deb Tyler | Vernonia baldwinii var. baldwinii source | Original Image ⭷