Viola pedata Linnaeus ssp. cuneatiloba (Brainerd ex Fernald) H.E. Ballard. Section: Nosphinium. Subsection: Pedatae. Biternate Bird's-foot Violet. Phen: Chasmogamous flower Mar-Jul (Sep-Nov); chasmogamous fruit May-Jul. Hab: Dry rocky or sandy forests, woodlands, glades, and roadbanks. Dist: Sw. NJ and se. PA to w. MD, south to wc. VA and se. WV.

Origin/Endemic status: Endemic

Taxonomy Comments: Named as a forma by Fernald; the biternately to triternately dissected leaf blades are distinctive, and all confirmed records are restricted to Piedmont and n.-c. Appalachian forests. Needs a new combination as a variety.

Synonymy: = Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023); < Viola pedata L. – Pa; < Viola pedata L. var. pedata – FNA6, K4

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: UPL (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)