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Dactylorhiza viridis (Linnaeus) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon, & M.W. Chase. Frog Orchid, Long-bracted Frog Orchid. Phen: Apr-Jun. Hab: Moist forests. Dist: Circumboreal, south in North America to w. NC, OH, c. IN, c. IL, n. MO, NE, NM, AZ, and WA.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Infraspecific taxa are sometimes recognized; var. virescens is e. Asian and North American, in e. North America south in the Appalachians to NC, generally more "southern" than the typic var. viridis, which is more completely circumboreal, widespread in n. Eurasia and far northern North America.

Synonymy ⓘ: = K4, Bateman & Rudall (2018), Bateman, Pridgeon, & Chase (1997); = Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. – FNA26, Il, K3, Mi, NE, NY, Pa, Va; > Coeloglossum bracteatum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Parl. – S, S13; > Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartm. var. virescens (Muhl. ex Willd.) Luer – K1, Mo1, Tn, W, Luer (1975); > Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon, & M.W.Chase var. virescens (Muhl. ex Willd.) Baumbach; > Habenaria viridis (L.) R.Br. var. bracteata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Rchb. ex A.Gray – C, F, G, RAB, Correll (1950); > Habenaria viridis (L.) R.Br. var. viridis – F

Links to other floras: = Coeloglossum viride - FNA26

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Wetland Indicator Status:

  • Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC (name change)
  • Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU (name change)
  • Great Plains: FACU (name change)
  • Midwest: FAC (name change)
  • Northcentral & Northeast: FAC (name change)

Heliophily ⓘ: 4

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image of plant© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Jim Fowler | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Scott Ward | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Alan Cressler: coeloglossum viride, ortobalagan trough valley, caucasus mountains, republic of abkhasia 1 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Jim Fowler | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷

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Horticultural Information

NCBG trait

Intro: Erect perennial of moist woods and seepage swamps.

Stems: Stem unbranched, smooth.

Leaves: Leaves alternate, sessile, oval, 2-5 in. long and smooth; becoming smaller, lance-shaped and sharper-tipped up the stem.

Inforescence:

Flowers: Flowers in spike-like terminal raceme, each resting on a narrow, green bract that is longer than the flower; green (sometimes purple-tinged); 1/4-1/2 in. wide; with hood-like petals and sepals and a long, dangling, notched lower lip-petal.

Fruits: Fruit an erect, ribbed, oval capsule.

Comments: With one of the widest global distributions of any orchid, D. viridis is found across Eurasia, Canada and the U.S., from Alaska to North Carolina.

Height: 4-20 in.

plant sale text:

bloom table text:

description: Erect perennial of moist woods and seepage swamps.

stems: Stem unbranched, smooth.

leaves: Leaves alternate, sessile, oval, 2-5 in. long and smooth; becoming smaller, lance-shaped and sharper-tipped up the stem.

inflorescence:

flowers: Flowers in spike-like terminal raceme, each resting on a narrow, green bract that is longer than the flower; green (sometimes purple-tinged); 1/4-1/2 in. wide; with hood-like petals and sepals and a long, dangling, notched lower lip-petal.

fruits: Fruit an erect, ribbed, oval capsule.

comments: With one of the widest global distributions of any orchid, D. viridis is found across Eurasia, Canada and the U.S., from Alaska to North Carolina.

cultural notes:

germination code:

native range: