Neottia cordata (Linnaeus) L.C. Richard. Heartleaf Twayblade, Lesser Twayblade. Phen: Jun-Jul. Hab: Northern hardwood and spruce-fir forests. Dist: The Neottia cordata complex is widespread and circumboreal, in n. Eurasia and n. North America. N. cordata s.s. is widespread in ne. United States and Canada; south in North America to NC (at least formerly, not seen in this or the last century), ne. OH, MI, WI, MN, SK, and AB.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: N. nephrophylla (Rydberg) Szlachetko is widespread in nw. North America. It is sometimes synonymized under N. cordata or treated as a variety or subspecies of it.

Synonymy: = Listera cordata (L.) R.Br. var. cordata – FNA26, K1, Pa, Luer (1972); = Neottia cordata (L.) Rich. var. cordata – AqW, NY; < Listera cordata (L.) R.Br. – C, F, G, RAB, W, WV, Correll (1950); < Neottia cordata (L.) Rich. – K3, K4, Mi, NE

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACW
• Great Plains: FACU
• Midwest: FACW
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACW

Heliophily: 3