Asplenium monanthes Linnaeus. Single-sorus Spleenwort. Phen: Apr-Oct. Hab: Moist calcareous situations, in the mountains in moist grottoes of calcareous to semi-calcareous metamorphic rocks (such as mylonite or marble) near waterfalls in humid escarpment gorges with high rainfall, on limestone talus in collapsed sinkhole mouth, or on moist Coastal Plain limestone outcrops. Dist: Scattered in highly humid (montane or maritime) parts of the tropics, subtropics, and warm temperate areas, known from se. and sw. North America, the West Indies (Hispaniola and Jamaica), n. South America, Central America, Mexico, South Africa, Hawaii, and the Azores, Madeira Islands, Madagascar, and the Philippines. In the continental United States, it is known from widely scattered sites with humid and calcareous microhabitats: humid escarpment gorges in Transylvania County, NC and Oconee County, SC; moist limestone outcrops in n. peninsular and Panhandle FL (Nelson 2000); limestone talus in the collapsed mouth of a sinkhole in Jackson County, AL; and the Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, AZ.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: It is becoming increasingly clear that "A. monanthes" represents a widespread apomictic complex of two or more species, requiring additional study and taxonomic revision (Dyer, Savolainen, & Schneider 2012); the appropriate taxonomic disposition of our southeastern United States populations is unclear. It is unlikely that they will end up in A. monanthes, typified on South African material.

Synonymy: = Fl1, FNA2, K1, K3, K4, Meso1, RAB, W, WH3, Kessler & Smith (2018)

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Heliophily: 1