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Cardamine pensylvanica Muhlenberg ex Willdenow. Quaker Bittercress. Phen: Mar-Jun. Hab: Various wet habitats, especially swampy depressions, streambanks, small woodland seeps. Dist: NL (Newfoundland), NL (Labrador), NT, and AK south to FL, TX, and CA.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy: = Ar, C, Fl4, FNA7, G, GrPl, GW2, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mi, NcTx, NE, NY, Pa, RAB, S, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WH3, Al-Shehbaz (1988a), Rollins (1993); = Cardamine pennsylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. – S13, orthographic variant; > Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. var. brittoniana Farw. – F; > Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. var. pensylvanica – F

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Wetland Indicator Status:

  • Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACW
  • Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: OBL
  • Great Plains: FACW
  • Midwest: FACW
  • Northcentral & Northeast: FACW

Heliophily: 6

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image of plant© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Keith Bradley | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Erik Danielson source | Original Image ⭷
image of plant© Bruce Sorrie | Original Image ⭷

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