Crataegus crus-galli Linnaeus var. crus-galli . Cockspur Hawthorn. Phen: Apr-May; Sep-Oct. Hab: Pastures, thickets, disturbed woodlands and forests, fencerows. Dist: Ranges throughout the eastern US, except c. and s. peninsular FL, sometimes forming extensive colonies.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: C. crus-galli is variable in the size and shape of leaves and minor flower and fruit characters, this accounting for an extensive synonymy. Most earlier names in the synonymy were applied by Charles Sargent. Plants having 3 to 5 styles and as many pyrenes are alternatively placed under C. reverchonii Sargent, these also exhibiting a tendency to have smaller, suborbiculate leaves on terminal shoots. Typical forms of C. crus-galli tend to have 1-2 styles and pyrenes, and with a range of leaf shapes from narrowly oblanceolate to nearly suborbiculate.

Synonymy: = C, FNA9, NY, Tn, W, Lance (2014); > Crataegus algens Beadle – S13; > Crataegus arborea Beadle – K1; > Crataegus canbyi Sarg.; ? Crataegus crus-galli L. – S; < Crataegus crus-galli L. – Ar, K4, Mi, NcTx, NE, Pa, RAB; > Crataegus crus-galli L. – K1; > Crataegus crus-galli var. barrettiana (Sarg.) Palmer – Il; > Crataegus crus-galli L. var. capillata Sarg. – Tat; > Crataegus crus-galli L. var. crus-galli – F, G, Il, Tat; > Crataegus crus-galli L. var. exigua (Sarg.) Eggl. – G; > Crataegus crus-galli L. var. macra (Beadle) E.J.Palmer – F, G; > Crataegus crus-galli L. var. oblongata Sarg. – Tat; ~ Crataegus exigua Sarg.; > Crataegus macra Beadle – S13; > Crataegus regalis Beadle var. regalis – F

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily: 7