| Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Habitat | Distribution | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus albus | Tumbleweed Amaranth | Disturbed areas, agricultural fields. | Central North America, the native distribution difficult to determine. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus arenicola | Sandhill Amaranth | Sandhills, dunes, other sandy areas; eastwards adventive in disturbed areas. | Native from IA, SD, and WY south to TX, NM, and Mexico, adventive in a broader range (the boundaries of native and adventive hypothetical). |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus australis | Southern Water-hemp, Careless | Tidal marshes, freshwater wetlands (swamps, strands, sloughs, marshes), ditches, disturbed areas. | E. NC, TN, LA, and TX south into West Indies, Gulf Coast of Mexico (CAM, ROO, TAB, TAM, VER), and n. South America; perhaps adventive in some of our range, from an original distribution on the Gulf Coast, in FL, and southward into the New World tropics. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus blitoides | Matweed Amaranth, Prostrate Pigweed | Disturbed areas, roadsides. | Sc. United States and Mexico. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus blitum ssp. emarginatus | Purple Amaranth, Livid Amaranth | Disturbed habitats. | Native of the tropics. First reported from SC by Hill & Horn (1997). Reported for greenhouses and outdoor areas for c. KY (Adanick & Medley 2020). |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus blitum ssp. pseudogracilis | Purple Amaranth, Livid Amaranth | Disturbed habitats. | Native of the tropics. | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus cannabinus | Salt-marsh Water-hemp | Salt, brackish, and freshwater tidal marshes, especially along the banks of tidal guts. | ME south to ne. FL (Duval County). |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus caudatus | Love-Lies-Bleeding, Tasselflower, Purple Amaranth | Disturbed areas, cultivated as an ornamental. | Native of Andean South America. Cultivated and rarely escaped or persistent, as in TN (Chester, Wofford, & Kral 1997), and scattered in PA (Rhoads & Klein 1993). |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus crassipes var. crassipes | Spreading Amaranth | Shores and wet areas. | Probably introduced from tropical America. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus crispus | Crisp-leaved Amaranth | Disturbed areas, especially around seaports. | Native of South America. Reported for VA by Massey (1961), but no documentation is known. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus cruentus | Red Amaranth, Blood Amaranth, Purple Amaranth | Disturbed areas, old gardens. | Native of Central America. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus deflexus | Large-fruit Amaranth, Argentine Amaranth | Disturbed areas, ballast. | Native of South America. Reported for VA by Virginia Botanical Associates (2019). |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus dubius | Spleen Amaranth, Southern Pigweed, Callaloo | Disturbed areas. | Native of tropical America. | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus floridanus | Florida Amaranth | Dunes, beaches. | Native, endemic to FL peninsula, north to Duval and Alachua counties (Wunderlin & Hansen 2004). |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus graecizans ssp. sylvestris | Mediterranean Amaranth | On ballast, apparently only a waif. | Native of Mediterranean Europe. | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus greggii | Gregg’s Amaranth, Josiah Amaranth | Dunes, beaches. | Native from se. LA west through TX to se. Mexico. | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus hybridus ssp. hybridus | Smooth Amaranth, Slim Amaranth, Green Amaranth, Smooth Pigweed | Disturbed areas. | Original distribution obscure because of its very weedy nature, but apparently native in eastern North America. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus hypochondriacus | Prince's-feather | Disturbed areas. | Native of tropical America. The type locality is "Virginia", where apparently early introduced. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus muricatus | Muricate Amaranth | Disturbed areas, on ballast, probably only a waif. | Native of s. South America. | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus palmeri | Careless-weed, Palmer’s Amaranth | Arroyos, riverbanks, and disturbed areas; eastwards adventive in fields and disturbed areas. | Native of c. and sw. North America and Mexico. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus polygonoides | Tropical Amaranth, Smartweed Amaranth | Disturbed areas. | Native of tropical America. C. TX s. NM, and s. FL (uncertainly native) south into the Neotropics. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus powellii | Green Amaranth, Powell's Amaranth | Disturbed areas. | Native of w. and sc. North America, south to Mexico. Widespread and common in PA (Rhoads & Klein 1993); many earlier reports of A. retroflexus may actually pertain to this species. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus pumilus | Seabeach Amaranth, Dwarf Amaranth | Sea beaches, fore-dunes, island end flats, rarely on sound-side beaches. | Se. MA south to c. SC; presently known to be extant only from NC, n. SC, e. MD, DE (McAvoy 2002), se. NY (Long Island), VA, and NJ. Since 2000, populations have crashed rangewide. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus retroflexus | Rough Pigweed, Redroot, Redroot Amaranth | Disturbed areas. | Native of c. and e. North America, now nearly worldwide in distribution and the original native range difficult or impossible to determine. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus scleropoides | Bonebract Amaranth | Seasonally wet, sandy soils. | OK south through TX to CHH, COA, and TAM. | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus spinosus | Spiny Amaranth, Quelite Espinoso | Fields, gardens, roadsides, barnyards, pastures. | Native of tropical America. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus tamaulipensis | Tamaulipan Amaranth | Disturbed areas. | S. TX (Cameron County), TAM, SLP, and TAB | |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus thunbergii | Thunberg's Amaranth | Collected from near wool-combing mills in SC; probably not naturalized. | Native of Africa. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus torreyi | ||||
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus tricolor | Summer Poinsettia, Joseph’s Coat, Chinese Spinach, Malabar Spinach | Cultivated as an ornamental and salad green, rarely persistent or escaped. | Native of tropical Asia. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus tuberculatus | Inland Water-hemp | Swamps, bottomlands, fields, disturbed areas. | The exact boundaries of its native distribution are now obscure, perhaps approximately OH west to ND south to MS and TX. |  |
| Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus viridis | Slender Amaranth, Tropical Green Amaranth | Disturbed areas. | Native of South America. |  |
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