| Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Habitat | Distribution | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium ×biscayneanum | Biscayne Spleenwort | On limestone (especially in small sinkholes) in tropical hardwood hammocks. | S. FL (Miami-Dade County). | |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium ×ebenoides | Scott's Spleenwort | Moist outcrops of calcareous sedimentary rocks, such as limestone, dolostone, and on coquina limestone (shell marl), at low elevations. | VT, NJ, c. PA, OH, s. IL, and MO south to e. VA, w. NC, nw. GA, c. AL, TN, and AR. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium abscissum var. abscissum | Cutleaf Spleenwort | Limestone sinkholes. | Mexico, Central America, and n. South America; West Indies; nc. and c. FL peninsula; s. FL; n. AL. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium auritum | Eared Spleenwort | Epiphytic in hammocks, strand swamps, especially on Quercus virginiana, Fraxinus cubensis, and Annona glabra. | FL peninsula (north to Flagler County); West Indies; Mexico (CHP, HGO, OAX, PUE, QRO, SLP, TAB, VER) south through Central America to South America. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium bradleyi | Bradley's Spleenwort | Dry outcrops of felsic sedimentary or metasedimentary rocks, such as sandstone, quartzite, or metaquartzite, at low to moderate elevations. | Se. NY, PA, MD, OH, KY, s. IL, and MO south to c. NC, c. GA, AL, TN, and AR, reaching its greatest abundance in the Ozarkian highlands. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium cristatum | Hemlock Spleenwort | Hammocks, usually on limestone. | Peninsular FL (north to Alachua County); West Indies; Mexico south through Central America to South America. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium curtissii | Curtiss’s Spleenwort | Moist, shaded limestone rocks. | Endemic in s. and c. peninsular FL. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium dentatum | Slender Spleenwort | On limestone in hammocks. | FL peninsula (north to Volusia County); West Indies; s. Mexico (CAM, CHP, VER, YUC) south through Central America to n. South America. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium heterochroum | Bicolored Spleenwort | Fairly moist outcrops of calcareous sedimentary rocks, such as coquina limestone (‘marl’). | Se. and sc. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), se. SC south to n. FL; West Indies; s. Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz), Belize. Reports of this species from GA (Jones & Coile 1988) appear to be based on misidentifications of Asplenium heteroresiliens (M. Medley, pers.comm. 2022). |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium heteroresiliens | Marl Spleenwort, Carolina Spleenwort, Wagner's Spleenwort, Morzenti's Spleenwort | Fairly moist outcrops of calcareous sedimentary rocks, such as coquina limestone (‘marl’), along small blackwater streams or larger rivers, at low elevations, and rarely also on old ruins made of tabby (a cement made from lime, sand, and oyster shells). | Rare and scattered from se. NC to se. GA, sw. GA, and n. FL, on the Coastal Plain |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium monanthes | Single-sorus Spleenwort | Moist calcareous situations, in the mountains in moist grottoes of calcareous to semi-calcareous metamorphic rocks (such as mylonite or marble) near waterfalls in humid escarpment gorges with high rainfall, on limestone talus in collapsed sinkhole mouth, or on moist Coastal Plain limestone outcrops. | Scattered in highly humid (montane or maritime) parts of the tropics, subtropics, and warm temperate areas, known from se. and sw. North America, the West Indies (Hispaniola and Jamaica), n. South America, Central America, Mexico, South Africa, Hawaii, and the Azores, Madeira Islands, Madagascar, and the Philippines. In the continental United States, it is known from widely scattered sites with humid and calcareous microhabitats: humid escarpment gorges in Transylvania County, NC and Oconee County, SC; moist limestone outcrops in n. peninsular and Panhandle FL (Nelson 2000); limestone talus in the collapsed mouth of a sinkhole in Jackson County, AL; and the Huachuca Mountains, Cochise County, AZ. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium montanum | Mountain Spleenwort | Moist to dry outcrops of metamorphic, sedimentary, or igneous rocks, such as gneiss, schist, amphibolite, quartzite, rhyolite, sandstone, mostly at moderate to high elevations (up to over 2000 m), but in the Piedmont to as low as 150 m. | Primarily Appalachian: s. VT, MA, NY, OH, and KY south to c. NC, n. GA and AL; disjunct in the Ozarkian highlands of e. MO (Peck 2011) |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium pinnatifidum | Lobed Spleenwort | Fairly moist to very dry outcrops of felsic sedimentary or (mostly low-grade) metamorphic rocks, such as sandstone, phyllite, and schist, at low to moderate elevations. | NY (historically), NJ, se. PA, wc. PA, s. OH, IN, IL, and MO south to w. NC, c. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), AL, n. MS, AR, and e. OK. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium platyneuron | Ebony Spleenwort | Moist to dry soils of forests, woodlands, old fields; also on outcrops, especially of calcareous rocks and in masonry crevices, at low to moderate elevations. | QC, ON, se. MN, IA, and se. CO south to FL, TX, NM, and AZ (and varieties or relatives reported from Central and South America); Slovakia; South Africa. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium plenum | Ruffled Spleenwort | On moist, shaded limestone. | Endemic in n. peninsular FL. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium pumilum | Dwarf Spleenwort, Chervil Spleenwort | On limestone in hammocks. | N. peninsular FL; West Indies; Mexico south through Central America to South America. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium quadrivalens | Maidenhair Spleenwort | Moist outcrops of calcareous sedimentary rocks, such as limestone or dolostone. | A. quadrivalens is known from North America and Eurasia (at least); in North America it is substantially rarer than diploid A. trichomanes and more limited in range, occurring from New England, s. ON, and AK south to w. VA, OH, and s. IL, and in BC, WA, and OR. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium resiliens | Blackstem Spleenwort | Moist to dry outcrops of calcareous sedimentary or metamorphic rocks, such as limestone, dolostone, coquina, or marble, sometimes on narrow seams of calcareous materials in otherwise acidic rocks, rarely on mortar or concrete, mostly at low to moderate elevations, but remarkably on Grandfather Mountain at over 1800 m. | Sc. PA, sw. OH, KY, s. IL, MO, se. KS, OK, TX, CO, and s. NV south to FL, TX, AZ, and Mexico; West Indies; Central America and South America. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium rhizophyllum | Walking Fern | Moist outcrops of calcareous sedimentary, calcareous metamorphic, or mafic metamorphic rocks, such as limestone, dolostone, calcareous siltstone, amphibolite, mostly at low to moderate elevations, rarely to 1500 m or higher. | S. QC, ON and se. MN south to c. GA, AL, MS, AR, OK, TX (likely Comal or Dallas counties, historical; Singhurst & Tyrrell 2023), and IA. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium ruta-muraria var. cryptolepis | American Wall-rue | Moist to dry outcrops of calcareous sedimentary or metamorphic rocks, such as limestone, dolostone, or marble, at low to moderate elevations. | A. ruta-muraria is a circumboreal species of Europe, Asia, and North America; in North America it ranges as var. cryptolepis from VT, s. ON and n. MI south to n. NJ, w. NC, nw. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), n. AL, TN, and AR (Peck 2011). |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum | American Hart's-tongue Fern | Limited to humid limestone sinkholes in our region, but also reported as naturalized in a well in MD by Reed (1953). | E. TN and n. AL, and in other habitats (cool, north-facing, limestone-talus forests) farther north in c. NY, n. MI, and ON; also in the West Indies (Haiti), n. and s. Mexico (CHP, COA, NLE, OAX), and NM (Testo et al. 2021). |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium scolopendrium var. scolopendrium | European Hart’s-tongue Fern | Sparsely naturalized from cultivation; reported as naturalized in a well in MD by Reed (1953). | Native of Europe. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium septentrionale | Forked Spleenwort, Northern Spleenwort | Acidic rocks. | Western North America south into nw. Mexico (Baja California), Asia, Europe; nw. Africa; disjunct in WV (Hardy and Monroe counties) and the AR Ozarks (Magazine Mountain, Arkansas Valley) (Peck 2011). |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium serratum | Wild Bird’s-nest Fern | Moist hammocks, rockland hammocks, strand swamps. | FL peninsula (north to Volusia County); s. Mexico (CHP, OAX, TAB, VER) south through Central America to South America; West Indies. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium trichomanes | Maidenhair Spleenwort | Moist outcrops of slightly to strongly calcareous sedimentary or metamorphic rocks and moderately to strongly mafic metamorphic and igneous rocks, such as limestone, dolostone, mafic and intermediate gneisses and schists, amphibolite, most typically in strong shade, as under overhangs. | A. trichomanes as a whole is a complex, with diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid elements, occurring in North America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Asia. A. trichomanes s.s. is known to occur in Europe and North America (at least); in North America, it ranges from NL (Newfoundland) to BC, south to NC, c. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), c. AL, AR, OK, w. TX, CHI, se. AZ, and w. OR. |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium trudellii | Trudell's Spleenwort | Moist outcrops of felsic sedimentary or metamorphic rocks, such as sandstone, phyllite, schist, at low elevations. | N. NJ, sw. PA, s. OH, and s. IL south to w. NC, c. GA, n. AL; recently located west of the Mississippi River in Baxter County, n. AR (Peck 2011). |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium tutwilerae | Tutwiler’s Spleenwort | Crevices of calcareous conglomerate. | So far as is known, A. tutwilerae, the fertile allotetraploid of A. ×ebenoides, is limited to a single population in Hale County, AL; however Peck (2011) reported a population from Garland County, AR, which produces viable spores, and may prove to be a second station of the fertile tetraploid |  |
| Aspleniaceae | Asplenium verecundum | Modest Spleenwort, Delicate Spleenwort | Moist limestone outcrops, grottoes, and sinkholes. | Endemic to FL, from n. and Panhandle FL (Columbia, Jackson, Liberty, Taylor counties) southward (Wunderlin & Hansen 2004) and also in Cuba. |  |
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