| Family | Scientific Name | Common Name | Habitat | Distribution | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium aciculare | Needle-leaf Witchgrass | Sandy woods and fields. | NJ south to n. FL, west to TX, OK and Mexico; West Indies; n. South America. Reports of this species in KY, TN, and n. AL are likely based on misidentification of D. angustifolium and other species (M. Brock, pers.comm. 2024). |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium aculeatum | Prickly Witchgrass | Near rivers, lakes, and swamps in open to wooded areas. | Scattered from NY and MA south to NC and w. to OH. Last collected in 1989 on Cape Cod, and uncommon to rare throughout its range. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium acuminatum var. acuminatum | Woolly Witchgrass | Dryish sandy or clayey soils of open woods and disturbed areas. | MA south to FL, west to TX; West Indies, Mexico, Central America, and n. South America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium acuminatum var. fasciculatum | Slender-stemmed Witchgrass | Open or cut-over woods, thickets, fields, meadows, and shores, frequently on disturbed soils. | NL (Newfoundland) south to FL, west to CA, north to s. BC. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium acuminatum var. lindheimeri | Lindheimer's Witchgrass | Open or cut-over woods, thickets, fields, meadows, and shores, often on wet soils. | NS west to MB, south to FL and MO, west to s. CA. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium angustifolium | Narrowleaf Witchgrass | Sandy pinelands and fields. | NJ south to FL, west to AR and e. TX. Distribution map needs re-evaluation. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium annulum | Ringed Witchgrass | Dry sandy or rocky soil of open woods, dry grasslands, and barrens, and glades over serpentine, limestone, calcareous shales, and other high pH dry soils. | NY, NJ, IN, and MO south to AL and MS, primarily in the Appalachian Province with very few occurrences in the Coastal Plain |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium appalachiense | Bath County Witchgrass | Shale barrens. | Shale barrens in Bath County, VA; apparently disjunct in PA (Berks County). |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium arenicoloides | Sandy Woods Witchgrass | Open sandy soil of pinelands and dunes, primarily near the coast; probably occasional to frequent, but long overlooked. | NC south to FL and west to TX and AR; West Indies; Central America, and n. South America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium bicknellii | Bicknell’s Witch Grass | Shaded to open woodlands, sometimes on shale in the Piedmont and Mountains, and sandy soils of the Coastal Plain. Drier soils appear to be characteristic, but it has also been found on moist soils. | CT to MI, s. to n. GA and n. LA, w. to MO and AR. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium boreale | Northern Witchgrass | In moist soils of meadows, grasslands, thickets, and woodlands. | NL west to ON, south to MD and IA. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium boscii | Bosc's Witchgrass | In a variety of shaded to partially open mesic to dry woodlands (oak-hickory). Also, occasionally in a variety of fields, powerlines, clearcuts, glades, barrens, rocky woodlands, creeksides, ravines, and (less commonly) floodplains. | MA and IL south to n. FL and e. TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium breve | Short Witchgrass | Florida scrub. | Endemic to c. and s. FL, relatively common on the Lake Wales Ridge in Polk and Highlands counties, but less common on the Atlantic Coastal Ridge of se. FL. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium caerulescens | Blue Witchgrass | Marshes, swamps, wet pine savannas, maritime wet grasslands, coastal prairies, damp sandy soil. | S. NJ to NC and GA, and from FL to w. LA (Early 2022); Bahamas and West Indies. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium chamaelonche | Carpet Witchgrass | Moist pine savannas and flatwoods, pineland pondshores. | Se. VA south to FL, west to LA; Cuba; Belize. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium clandestinum | Deer-tongue Witchgrass | Shaded to filtered woodlands, ditches and low areas, and often in moist sandy soil. | NS and QC south to n. FL, west to IA, KA, and TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium columbianum | American Witchgrass | Dry to moist thin woods and open ground, usually in sandy soil. | S. ME, s. ON, and WI south to GA, TN, and IL. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium commutatum ssp. ashei | Ashe's Witchgrass | Dry rocky or sandy woods and openings. | MA south to Panhandle FL and MS, west to MI, MO, and OK. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium commutatum ssp. commutatum | Variable Witchgrass | Low, shaded, moist woodlands and woodland edges, and dry, thin, often rocky woods and thickets. | ME south to FL, west to MI, MO, OK, and TX; Mexico. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium commutatum ssp. equilaterale | Linear-leaved Witchgrass | Coastal Plain sandy pine and oak woodlands, dunes, hammocks. | NC to s. FL; Mexico; South America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium commutatum ssp. joorii | Sprawling Witchgrass | Wet to swampy woodlands, sandy riparian areas. | VA south to FL, west to TX; Mexico. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium consanguineum | Kunth's Witchgrass | Moist or dry sandy soils of pinelands. | Occasional from se. VA south to FL, west to TX and IN. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium cryptanthum | Hidden-flowered Witchgrass | Wet meadows and ditches, streamside openings. | s. NJ south to Panhandle FL, west to TX. Reported for DE (Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp 2016). |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium curtifolium | Short-leaved Witchgrass | Bogs, sphagnous streamhead swamps, mountain streams, marl meadows. | Disjunctly distributed in w. VA, w. NC and e. TN, e. SC, FL, and MS |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium depauperatum | Starved Witchgrass | Dry soils of grasslands and open woods, often on disturbed soils of roadsides and ditches. | NL (Newfoundland) and MN south to GA and TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium dichotomum var. dichotomum | Forked Witchgrass | Wet-mesic to dry woods, thickets, and woodland openings. | S. Canada and MI south to FL and TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium dichotomum var. nitidum | Shining Witchgrass | Moist sandy or peaty soil of wet pine savannas and pocosin ecotones, wet meadows near the coast, swamps, and marshes. | PA and NJ south to FL, west to MO and TX; Bahamas (Sorrie & LeBlond 1997) and West Indies; Mexico to Venezuela. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium ensifolium | Small-leaved Witchgrass | Wet to mesic peaty, sandy, or mucky soils, often in open pinelands or with Sphagnum. | NJ south to FL, west to e. TX and AR. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium erectifolium | Erect-leaved Witchgrass | Limesink ponds, depression meadows, cypress savannas, pine savannas. | Se. NC to FL, west to LA; Cuba. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium filiramum | Hairy Needle-leaved Witch Grass | Dry to moist sandy pinelands. | DE south to FL, west to TX and AR; West Indies. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium fusiforme | Spindle-fruited Witchgrass | Longleaf pine sandhills, other dry to moist sand of open pine and pine-oak woods and clearings. | E. NC south to FL, west to MS and w. LA (perhaps most abundant in FL); West Indies; Mexico, Central America, and Venezuela. Previous reports from se. VA were based on a misidentified specimen. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium glabrifolium | Smooth-leaved Witchgrass | Pine flatwoods. | Endemic to peninsular FL, mostly near the west coast; disjunct in ne. SC (Horry County). |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium harvillii | Difficult Creek Witchgrass | Piedmont oak barrens over mafic and ultramafic rock. | So far as is known restricted to the type site in Halifax County, VA. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium hirstii | Hirst Brothers' Witchgrass | Pond-cypress savannas, limesink depressions, and other seasonally ponded depression wetlands. | This distinctive species is known from only seven sites: two in NC, one in DE, two in NJ (one not seen since 1992), and two populations in GA (one considered historical, the other rediscovered in 2015; see McAvoy, Patrick, & Kruse [2015]). |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium latifolium | Broad-leaved Witchgrass | Open or shady well-drained forests. | ME and WI, south to n. GA and MS. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium laxiflorum | Open-flower Witchgrass | Open or shaded woodlands, often in moist soil. | MD south to FL, west to TX, north to IN; Mexico, Central America; West Indies. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium leibergii | Leiberg’s Witchgrass | Prairies and sandy woodlands. | QC and MB south to c. PA (Centre County) and KS. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium leucothrix | Roughish Witchgrass | Wet sandy, peaty, or mucky soil of pinelands and depression marshes. | S. NJ south to FL, west to TX, also in TN; West Indies and n. South America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium linearifolium var. linearifolium | Low White-haired Witchgrass | Dry open woods. | Se. Canada and MN south to GA and TX. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium linearifolium var. werneri | Low White-haired Witchgrass | Acidic woodlands, knolls. | QC and ME south to VA, KY, and TX. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium longiligulatum | Long-ligule Witchgrass | Limesink ponds, depression meadows, cypress savannas, pine savannas, bogs, swamps. | NJ and PA south to FL, also in TN, e. TX, and Central America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium lucidum | Bog Witchgrass | Wet meadows, sphagnous swamps, bogs, wet woods, sphagnous streamhead pocosins, baygalls. | MA and MI south to FL and TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium malacon | Dehiscent Witch Grass | Dry pine/scrub oak woodlands. | Disjunctly from NJ south to FL and AL; reported from TX |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium malacophyllum | Soft-leaf Witchgrass | Primarily a plant of cedar glades and dry calcareous soils. | KY and TN west to KS and TX. Reported from SC by FNA, but source of record has not been identified. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium mattamuskeetense | Mattamuskeet Witchgrass | Wet pine savannas, meadows, borders of pocosin shrub swamps, thickets. | Se. MA south to ne. SC. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium meridionale | Matting Witchgrass | Dry to damp sand of shores and woods. | Sw. NS and MA to MN, south to e. NC, n. GA, and n. AL. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium microcarpon | Small-fruited Witchgrass | Floodplain forests, swamps, openings, and borders of streams and ponds, and occasionally in dry upland woods. | MA and MI south to FL and TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium mundum | Elegant Witchgrass | Sandy and peaty meadows, edge of swamps, low moist acid soil. | Se. VA, north-central NC, e. TN. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium neuranthum | Nerved Witchgrass | Maritime wet grasslands, Piedmont prairie-like barrens. | Disjunct in se . and central NC, se. SC, GA, FL, MS, e. TX, AR; Bahamas, Cuba, and Belize. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium nodatum | Sarita Witchgrass | Sandy soils in oak savannas and woodlands. | E. and c. TX to s. TX and ne. Mexico. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium nudicaule | Naked Witchgrass | Bogs, wet pine savannas. | W. FL Panhandle and s. AL west to MS. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium oligosanthes | Few-flowered Witchgrass | Longleaf pine sandhills, barrens over xeric alluvial deposits, other xeric sandy soils, sandy fields and open woods. | MA and MN south to FL and TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium ovale var. addisonii | Low Stiff Witchgrass | Dry to damp sandy woods and fields. | MA and MN south to Panhandle FL and TX, also in n. Mexico. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium ovale var. ovale | Oval-flowered Witchgrass | Dry to damp sandy pinelands. | NY to WI, south to s. FL and e. TX and n. Mexico. Infrequent over most of its range except FL. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium patentifolium | Spreadleaf Witchgrass | Dry to mesic sandy flatwoods, dry scrub hammocks, sometimes on slopes to edges of wetlands. | Disjunct from Se. VA and coastal NC to GA and FL (where most abundant), west to AL and MS. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium pedicellatum | Cedar Witchgrass, Corm-based Witchgrass | Dry prairies and open oak woodlands; limestone outcrops. | C. and w. TX south to Mexico (COA, NLE, OAX, TAM) and Central America. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium pinetorum | Pineland Witchgrass | Open sandy pine and pine/oak woodlands. | Endemic to central and south FL, as far north as Hillsborough County, FL. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium polyanthes | Small-fruited Witchgrass | Damp to dry soil of open woods and ditches. | VA to MI and s. IL, south to GA and e. TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium portoricense ssp. patulum | Nash's Witchgrass | Moist pine savannas and flatwoods, moist to dry openings in maritime forests, dry pine and oak sandhills. | Se. VA to FL, west to e. TX; West Indies and Central America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium portoricense ssp. portoricense | Puerto Rican Witchgrass | Moist pine savannas and flatwoods. | NC south to FL, west to TX; West Indies. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium ravenelii | Ravenel's Witchgrass | Dry sandy or rocky thin woods and openings, sometimes in moist soils. | NJ south to FL, west to e. TX, north to IA. Frye, McAvoy, & Thomas (2022) reported on its rediscovery and occurrence in MD. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium recognitum | Novel Witchgrass | Mostly wet soils near creeks, swamps, ponds, and bogs; also reported from dry woods. | CT and RI south to NJ and PA, then disjunctly to se. VA and montane province of NC and TN. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium roanokense | Roanoke Witchgrass | Wet pine savannas, swamp openings, and wet peaty meadows. | DE south to FL, west to e. TX; disjunct in Coffee County, TN (Ciafré & Estes 2022); Jamaica. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium scabriusculum | Tall Swamp Witchgrass | Moist, low, open or shaded woodlands, often along streams or ditches. | Se. MA south to FL, west to e. TX and AR. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium scoparium | Velvet Witchgrass | Moist sandy soil of woodland openings and ditches. | MA and MI south to FL and TX; also in Mexico and West Indies. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium scribnerianum | Scribner's Witchgrass | Black belt prairies, calcareous clay prairies, prairie-like grassland remnants over fragipan soils in the loess plains, calcareous maritime forests, dry thin woods and openings, dry prairies, usually in basic soil. | Sw. ME to s. BC, south to se. NC, n. GA, and CA, also in n. Mexico. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium species 16 | Sandy Run Witchgrass | Wet savannas underlain by shallow coquina limestone in the outer Coastal Plain. Associates include Rhynchospora thornei, Carex lutea, Coreopsis aristulata, Thalictrum cooleyi and Allium species 1. | Currently known only from the discovery site in Onslow Co., NC. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium species 20 | Sandhill Witchgrass | Dry ridgetop longleaf pine sandhills with an open pine canopy and oak understory. | Currently known only from two sites in north-central FL, in Clay and Volusia cos. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon | Round-fruited Witchgrass | Moist or dry thin woods, meadows, and ditches, often in dry sandy soil. | MA, VT, OH, and KA south to FL and TX; Mexico. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium sphagnicola | Peaty Witchgrass | Edges of cypress swamps, in sphagnous bogs, moist shady places. | GA (Chatham, Camden, Lanier counties) (Carter, Baker, & Morris 2009) to FL; should be sought in se. SC. Treated in synonymy with Panicum dichotomum by Radford, Ahles, & Bell (1968), but no specimen is known from the Carolinas. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium spretum | Eaton's Witchgrass | Pondcypress savannas, small depression ponds, other wet sands and peats of bogs, meadows, and shores. | ME south to n. FL, LA and e. TX. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium strigosum var. glabrescens | Hairless Witchgrass | Wet pine flatwoods, other low, open sandy pinelands and hammocks, bogs. | GA and FL west to LA; disjunct in se. NC, ne. SC, and se. SC (Bradley et al. [in prep.]; West Indies; Belize. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium strigosum var. leucoblepharis | Dwarf Witchgrass | Sandy, acidic soils of pinelands. | NC south to n. FL, west to TX; Mexico. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium strigosum var. strigosum | Rough-hairy Witchgrass | Moist soils of pine flatwoods, savannas, and pocosins, also in boggy situations. | Se. VA south to FL, west to TX, also in TN, e. Mexico, Mesoamerica, n. South America, and West Indies. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium tenue | White-edged Witchgrass | Wet peaty or sandy soil of pineland savannas, flatwoods, bogs, and meadows. | NJ south to FL, west to TX; Central America; West Indies (Cuba). |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium thurowii | Thurow's Witchgrass | Sandy prairies and low open woods. | GA to e. TX and AR, s. to Venezuela. | |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium villosissimum var. villosissimum | White-haired Witchgrass | Dry sandy soil of open woods and prairies. | MA south to FL, west to TX; Mexico and Mesoamerica. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium webberianum | Webber's Witchgrass | Moist pine savannas and flatwoods. | Disjunct in se. NC and SC from GA and FL. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium wilcoxianum | Wilcox's Witchgrass | In dry prairies, especially sandy and gravelly openings. | MB to AB, south to KS and CO, then disjunctly to NM. Shown as occurring in SC and MS on the range map in FNA, but the source of these records is not known for this plant primarily of dry prairies in the Upper Midwest. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium wrightianum | Wright's Witchgrass | Limesink ponds and meadows, cypress savannas, pine savannas, bogs. | MA south to FL, west to TX; disjunct inland in Coffee County, TN (Ciafré & Estes 2022); Cuba; Central America. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium xanthophysum | Slender Witchgrass | Sandy or rocky open woodlands. | NS and ME west to SK, south to PA, ne. WV, and SD. |  |
| Poaceae | Dichanthelium yadkinense | Spotted-sheath Witchgrass | Floodplain forests, thickets, bottomlands, and swamps, often on alluvial deposits. | NJ and MI south to GA and TX; Mexico. |  |
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