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Click the number at the start of a key lead to highlight both that lead and its corresponding lead. Click again to show only the two highlighted leads. Click a third time to return to the full key with the selected leads still highlighted.

Key to Carex, Key A: Subkey in Carex

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1 Leaf blades 20-60 mm wide, without a midrib (with 40-100 parallel nerves all of equal prominence), leathery, the apex obtuse; leaf margin scarious, minutely crisped-ruffled (feeling scaberulous to the touch)
1 Leaf blades 0.5-25 (-52) mm wide, with a midrib, herbaceous, the apex acute; leaf margin various (smooth or scabrous, but not as described below).
  2 Spike entirely staminate.
    3 Culms distinctly red or purple at the base
    3 Culms yellow to brown or black, without red or purple coloration.
      4 Culms shorter than the leaves; widest leaf blades > 2 mm wide
      4 Culms longer than the leaves; widest leaf blades < 2 mm wide
  2 Spike pistillate or with both pistillate and staminate flowers.
        5 Stigmas 2; achenes lenticular.
          6 Perigynia minutely but strongly and regularly serrulate on apical portion and beak, ± flattened; plants cespitose
        5 Stigmas 3; achenes trigonous.
             7 Perigynia pubescent near the tip
             7 Perigynia glabrous.
               8 Spikes gynecandrous; beak of perigynium with apical teeth > 0.3 mm long
               8 Spikes androgynous or entirely pistillate; beak of perigynium with apex entire, emarginate, or with teeth < 0.2 mm long.
                 9 Lower pistillate scales > 10 mm long
                 9 Lower pistillate scales < 10 mm long.
                   10 Perigynium beak > 2 mm long, as long as or longer than the perigynium body
                   10 Perigynium beak < 2 mm long, or if more, then tapering to the perigynium body and shorter than the body.
                     11 Perigynia > 4× as long as wide
                     11 Perigynia < 4× as long as wide.
                       12 Perigynia 1-3, each with 2 marginal veins only
                       12 Perigynia 2-13, each lightly many-veined on the body in addition to 2 marginal veins
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