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Support the Flora of the Southeastern US

2024 has been a banner year for making the best flora we can imagine. We've created:
With financial support from people like you, we are aiming even higher in 2025. Together we can accomplish all this: Vote on our 2025 priorities
  • Add Global Conservation Ranks (GRanks) vote
  • Professional graphic keys (polyclaves) to individual families/genera vote
  • 2 new FloraQuest apps: Florida & Mid-South vote
  • Image overlays highlighting diagnostic characters with arrows vote
  • iNaturalist integration in FloraQuest vote
Write-in vote: vote
We've set a goal of recruiting 200 ongoing supporters to donate $15 or more each month in 2025. Please help us reach this goal and make next year's flora even better:
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Click the number at the start of a key lead to highlight both that lead and its corresponding lead. Click again to show only the two highlighted leads. Click a third time to return to the full key with the selected leads still highlighted.

Key to Pinaceae

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1 Leaves either borne in fascicles of 2-5 (basally bound by a scarious sheath) or on short shoots in clusters of many leaves in apparent whorls.
  2 Leaves borne in fascicles of 2-5 (basally bound by a scarious sheath); [subfamily Pinoideae]
  2 Leaves borne on short shoots in clusters of many (>10) leaves in apparent whorls.
    3 Leaves evergreen; cones 6-12 cm long; [subfamily Abietoideae]
    3 Leaves deciduous; cones 1-2 cm long; [subfamily Pinoideae]
1 Leaves alternate.
      4 Leaves 4-angled in cross-section; [subfamily Pinoideae]
      4 Leaves distinctly flattened (2-sided) in cross-section.
        5 Leaves jointed, on short, persistent base; cones 1-3.8 cm long, pendent; [subfamily Abietoideae]
        5 Leaves attached directly to twig; cones 4-15 cm long, erect (Abies) or pendent (Pseudotsuga)
          6 Seed cones erect, disintegrating scale by scale and leaving the cone axis as a persistent spike on the tree; [subfamily Abietoideae]
          6 Seed cones pendent, falling whole from the tree; [subfamily Pinoideae]