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1 Cauline leaves either fused together, perfoliate, the pair together nearly round, or not fused but each broadly ovate; annual, from fibrous roots with minute tubers; [cultivated, rarely naturalizing]. | |
1 Cauline leaves not fused, each linear, lanceolate, or ovate; perennial, from tubers 1-2 cm in diameter; [native, of moist forests]. | |
5 Leaf blades 1-3× as long as wide; young plants with rhizomes and tubers; flowers subtended by bracts throughout the inflorescence; [sandstone ledges, AR] | |
5 Leaf blades 2-6 (-8)× as long as wide; young plants with tubers only; flowers ebracteate except the lowermost 1 (-2); [moist forests, east of the Mississippi River in our region] |