For Betula
Ashburner, K., and H.A. McAllister. 2016. The genus Betula: a taxonomic revision of the birches. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. Google Scholar
Furlow, J.J. 1990. The genera of Betulaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arb. 71: 1-67. Google Scholar
Furlow, J.J. 1997. Betulaceae. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 1997. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 3, Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, NY. 590 pp. Google Scholar
Govaerts, R., and D.G. Frodin. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of Fagales (Betulaceae, Corylaceae, Fagaceae and Ticodendraceae). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England. Google Scholar
Grant, W.F., and B.K. Thompson. 1975. Observations on Canadian birches, Betula cordifolia, B. neoalaskana, B. populifolia, B. papyrifera, and B. × caerulea. Can J. Bot. 53: 1478-1490. Google Scholar
Hardin, J.W. 1971a. Studies of the southeastern United States flora. I. Betulaceae. J. Elisha Mitch. Sci. Soc. 87:39-41. Google Scholar
Järvinen, P., A. Palmé, L. Orlando Morales, M. Lännenpää, M. Keinänen, T. Sopanen, and M. Lascoux. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships of Betula species (Betulaceae) based on nuclear ADH and chloroplast matK sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 1834-1845. Google Scholar
Kubitzki, K., J.G. Rohwer, and V. Bittrich, eds. 1993. The families and genera of vascular plants. II. Flowering plants – Dicotyledons – Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid families. Springer, Berlin. 653 pp. Google Scholar
Schenk, M.F., C.-N. Thienpont, W.J.M. Koopman, L.J.W.J. Gilissen, and M.J.M. Smulders. 2008. Phylogenetic relationships in Betula (Betulaceae) based on AFLP markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 4: 911-924. Google Scholar