Campanula rotundifolia Linnaeus. Bluebell, Harebell, Bluebell-of-Scotland. Phen: Jun-Sep; Aug-Oct. Hab: Limestone outcrops, high elevation rocky summits (in thin soil over amphibolite), serpentine barrens. Dist: A circumboreal species, widespread and common in n. North America and n. Eurasia, south to nw. NC, s. OH, s. MO, TX, NM, AZ, CA, and Mexico (CHH, COA, and NLE). In our area rare, and generally limited to limestone in its occurrences in the Central Appalachians of WV and VA and to mafic rocks in nw. NC. It was added to the flora of NC in 1991 (Three Top Mountain, Ashe County).

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: See Shetler (1982) for a detailed, traditional study of the species. Sutherland & Gallowy (2018) studied molecular phylogeny of the complex. The species is a complex of multiple ploidies and ecological races (Wilson et al. 2020), probably warranting recognition of some taxonomic entities, but not yet studied in our region.

Synonymy: = C, G, GrPl, K1, K3, K4, Mex, Mi, Mo2, NE, NY, Pa, Tx, Va, Rosatti (1986), Shetler (1982), Sutherland & Galloway (2018); = n/a – RAB; = Campanula rotundifolia L.; > Campanula rotundifolia L. var. lancifolia Mert. & K.Koch – F; > Campanula rotundifolia L. var. rotundifolia – F, Il; > Campanula rotundifolia L. var. velutina DC. – F, Il

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