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1 Leaves opposite (upper leaves sometimes subopposite or alternate); leaf lower surface glabrous, puberulent, or short-pilose, the pubescence not obscuring the green leaf surface; inflorescences (axillary) spikes, often leafy at their apices; herb to 1.5 m tall; [subgenus Duretia]
1 Leaves alternate; leaf lower surface white-tomentose, the pubescence obscuring the green leaf surface; inflorescences (axillary) paniculately branched, never leafy at their apices; herb or shrub to 4 m tall; [subgenus Tilocnide]