Flora of the Southeastern United States

Carpinus caroliniana Walter var. caroliniana. Common name: Coastal American Hornbeam, Muscletree, Leantree, Lechillo, Water Beech. Phenology: Mar-May; Sep-Oct. Habitat: Streambanks, riverbanks, bottomland forests, lower slopes, maritime forests. Distribution: E. VA south to c. peninsular FL, west to e. TX, and north in the inland to s. MO and s. IL.

Origin/Endemic status: Endemic

Taxonomy Comments: The treatment as two taxa was established by Furlow (1987a, 1987b) largely through statistical methods. The two taxa have some morphologic and phytogeographic coherence, but intergradation appears to be extensive, and individual specimens (in the herbarium) or trees (in the field) may not be readily identifiable to variety.

Synonymy ⓘ: = C, F, Il; = Carpinus caroliniana Walter ssp. caroliniana — Ar, Fl2, FNA3, K4, NS, POWO, Furlow (1987b), Furlow (1990); < Carpinus caroliniana Walter — G, GW2, NcTx, RAB, S, S13, Tn, Tx, Va, WH3, Hardin (1971a). Basionym: Carpinus caroliniana Walter 1788

Links to other floras: = Carpinus caroliniana ssp. caroliniana - FNA3

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Great Plains: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Midwest: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)
• Northcentral & Northeast: FAC (taxonomic split from wetland indicator species)

Heliophily ⓘ: 4