Helianthus laevigatus Torrey & A. Gray. Shale-barren Sunflower, Smooth Sunflower. Phen: Aug-Oct. Hab: On dry, rocky or shaly soils, on roadbanks, powerline rights-of-way, open woodlands, in the Carolinas nearly limited to the Carolina Slate Belt. Dist: The primary range of H. laevigatus is in the mountains of c. and w. VA and e. WV, from whence it is disjunct to a few areas in the Piedmont of NC and SC, most notably the Carolina Slate Belt in Montgomery and Stanly counties, NC.

Origin/Endemic status: Endemic

Synonymy: = C, F, FNA21, G, K1, K3, K4, RAB, SE1, Va, W, WV; > Helianthus laevigatus Torr. & A.Gray – S; > Helianthus reindutus (Steele) E.Watson – S

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