Parnassia grandifolia A.P. de Candolle. Common name: Limeseep Parnassia, Bigleaf Grass-of-Parnassus. Phenology: Aug-Nov (-Dec). Habitat: Fens, gravelly seepages, inland primarily or solely over calcareous, mafic, or ultramafic rocks; in the Coastal Plain in seepage over marl on nearly vertical river bluffs on the Cape Fear River (NC), and in acidic seepage bogs in pinelands. Distribution: VA, WV, s. MO, and OK south to n. GA, Panhandle FL, s. MS (Sorrie & Leonard 1999), AR, and e. TX, primarily in the Appalachian and Ozarkian highlands. The discovery of populations of this species in Brunswick and Columbus counties, NC, was remarkable. In the Panhandle of FL and the West Gulf Coastal Plain of LA and TX it also occurs in wet savannas and pitcherplant bogs (MacRoberts, MacRoberts, & Jackson 2004), in FL sometimes in close proximity to P. caroliniana; Parnassia in Coastal Plain savannas should not necessarily be assumed to be P. caroliniana.
Origin/Endemic status: Endemic
Synonymy ⓘ: = Ar, C, F, FNA12, G, GW2, K4, Mo3, RAB, S, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, WV, Alexander (1934b); > Parnassia floridana Rydb. — S13; > Parnassia grandifolia DC. — S13; Parnassia grandifolia DC. Basionym: Parnassia grandifolia DC. 1824
Links to other floras: = Parnassia grandifolia - FNA12
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Wetland Indicator Status:
- Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: OBL
- Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: OBL
- Great Plains: OBL
Heliophily ⓘ: 7
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© Richard & Teresa Ware CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: parnassia grandifolia, brasstown valley seeps, union county, georgia 1 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Scott Ward | Original Image ⭷
© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: Parnassia grandifolia, Brasstown Valley Seeps, Towns County, Georgia 2 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Richard & Teresa Ware CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: Parnassia grandifolia, Liberty County, Florida 7 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Gary P. Fleming | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: Parnassia grandifolia (white ovary form), Ketona Dolomite Outcrops, Ketona Creek, Bibb County, Alabama 5 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: Parnassia grandifolia, Liberty County, Florida 4 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Richard & Teresa Ware CC-BY-NC, permission granted to NCBG | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: Parnassia grandifolia, Liberty County, Florida 6 by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Jim Fowler | Original Image ⭷
© Alan Cressler: Parnassia grandifolia, Liberty County, Florida 5a by Alan Cressler source | Original Image ⭷
© Radford, Ahles and Bell | Original Image ⭷
© Jim Fowler | Original Image ⭷Feedback
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Horticultural Information
Intro: Erect, rhizomatous perennial of fens, gravelly seepages, pineland seepage bogs and ecotones, primarily or solely over calcareous, mafic, or ultramafic rocks.
Stems: Stems essentially lacking; leaves and flowering scape arise from a rhizome.
Leaves: Leaves primarily basal, with a single smaller leaf clasping the flower scape; long-petiolate; broadly oval with a blunt or wedge-shaped base (rarely notched); 2-3 in. long; fleshy and with parallel veins.
Inforescence:
Flowers: Flowers solitary; white; about 1 in. wide; consisting of 5 oval to oblong petals with 7-9 green or tan veins (lower veins with short side veins extending to petal edge, the tips of veins dilated), 5 sepals, 5 stamens with reddish-brown anthers, 15 longer sterile stamens (really 5 sterile stamens divided into 3 lobes each) and a greenish ovary.
Fruits: Fruit a 4-celled capsule.
Comments:
Height: 4-20 in.
plant sale text:
bloom table text:
description: Erect, rhizomatous perennial of fens, gravelly seepages, pineland seepage bogs and ecotones, primarily or solely over calcareous, mafic, or ultramafic rocks.
stems: Stems essentially lacking; leaves and flowering scape arise from a rhizome.
leaves: Leaves primarily basal, with a single smaller leaf clasping the flower scape; long-petiolate; broadly oval with a blunt or wedge-shaped base (rarely notched); 2-3 in. long; fleshy and with parallel veins.
inflorescence:
flowers: Flowers solitary; white; about 1 in. wide; consisting of 5 oval to oblong petals with 7-9 green or tan veins (lower veins with short side veins extending to petal edge, the tips of veins dilated), 5 sepals, 5 stamens with reddish-brown anthers, 15 longer sterile stamens (really 5 sterile stamens divided into 3 lobes each) and a greenish ovary.
fruits: Fruit a 4-celled capsule.
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