Arnoglossum plantagineum Rafinesque. Western Indian-plantain. Phen: Jun-Aug. Hab: Prairies, wet calcareous glades, marshes, bogs, persistent in 'improved' pastures. Dist: MI, s. WI, s. MN, and ne. SD south to OH, Nashville Basin of c. TN (Chester, Wofford, & Kral 1997), AL, MS, LA, and c. TX; also reported for sc. SC, in the unpublished flora of the Savannah River Site by Batson, Angerman, and Jones (a record considered questionable without additional documentation).

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Synonymy: = Ar, FNA20, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mi, NcTx, Ok, Tn, Anderson (1998), Barkley (1999); = Cacalia plantaginea (Raf.) Shinners – C, GrPl, Oh3, SE1, Pippen (1978); = Cacalia tuberosa Nutt. – F, G; = Mesadenia tuberosa (Nutt.) Britton – S; = n/a – RAB

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACW
• Great Plains: FAC
• Midwest: FAC
• Northcentral & Northeast: FAC

Heliophily: 8