Schoenoplectus etuberculatus (Steudel) Soják. Swamp Bulrush, Canby's Bulrush. Phen: Jul-Aug; Aug-Sep. Hab: Beaver ponds, on peat in small depression ponds, in flowing blackwater streams. Dist: DE south to c. peninsular FL and west to e. TX (the distribution rather discontinuous); substantially disjunct in s. MO and RI.

ID notes:Schoenoplectus etuberculatus has basal leaves that grow up to the water surface where they then float. The stems are triangular, 2-3 feet tall, emergent from the water, with an open cluster of pale green, elongate spikelets on long stalks. The stems usually lean over in the direction of flow, thus the spikelets dangle.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: The hybrid S. etuberculatus × subterminalis has been collected in Hoke Co, NC and Lexington County, SC; it has sterile, malformed achenes.

Synonymy: = ETx1, FNA23, K1, K3, K4, Mo1, NE, Va, WH3, Strong (1994); = Scirpus cylindricus (Torr.) Britton – S13, misapplied; = Scirpus etuberculatus (Steud.) Kuntze – C, F, G, GW1, RAB, S, Tat

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: OBL
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: OBL
• Northcentral & Northeast: OBL

Heliophily: 9