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Key to Thlaspi

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1 Fresh plant with garlic-like odor; stems terete, glaucous, pubescent basally with spreading hairs; upper stem leaves clasping with auricles wrapping around the stem; siliques 5-8 mm long, 2-4 mm wide, scarcely winged, the wings < 1 mm wide; seeds alveolate
1 Fresh plant without garlic odor; stems ribbed and sometimes winged, green, glabrous basally; upper stem leaves clasping but auricles not wrapping around the stem; fruits broadly winged, the wings 3.5-5.0 mm wide; siliques (8-) 10-17 mm long, 7-12 mm wide, strongly winged, the wings 3.5-5.0 mm wide; seeds concentrically ridged

Key to Brassicaceae, Key A: plants in flower, trichomes of plant absent or, if present, unbranched

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1 Flowers (all, or at least many) solitary on scapes
1 Flowers in racemes.
  2 Flowers yellow.
      4 Upper stems glaucous.
        5 Petals 6-30 mm long, clawed
        5 Petals 2-4 mm long, not clawed
      4 Upper stems green.
          6 Stems angular distally; blooming Apr to early Jun
          6 Stems not angular distally; blooming Apr to Oct
    3 Leaves not clasping at base.
             7 Petals with contrasting dark yellow, brown, maroon, or purple veins; [tribe Brassiceae]
               8 Petals yellow; basal leaves with 3-10 lobes per margin; stems usually sparsely to densely hispid basally; cauline leaf blades usually lobed (but fewer than basal leaves)
               8 Petals yellow or creamy white; basal leaves with 1-4 lobes per margin; stems sparsely to densely pubescent; cauline leaf blades often undivided
             7 Petals mostly uniform in color.
                 9 Ovaries and young fruits 2-segmented; petals 5-30 mm long; [tribe Brassiceae]
                     11 Valves of the fruit 1-veined; sepals erect or ascending (rarely spreading); terminal segment of fruit conic, usually seedless
                     11 Valves of the fruit 3-7-veined (1-veined in Rhamphospermum nigrum); sepals spreading to reflexed; terminal segment of fruit either linear or ensiform (flattened and 2-edged).
                       12 Terminal segment of fruit linear 0.1-1.6 cm long, seedless or 1-seeded.
                       12 Terminal segment of fruit ensiform (flattened and 2-edged), (1-) 1.5-2.5 (-3) cm long, seedless
                 9 Ovaries and young fruits unsegmented; petals 1-8 mm long.
                          13 Inflorescence not bracteate (occasionally with some lower pedicels bearing bracts).
                            14 Stigmas entire, rarely indistinctly 2-lobed; [tribe Cardamineae]
  2 Flowers white, cream, pinkish, purple, lavender, or blue.
                                16 Plants with only basal leaves or cauline leaves much reduced.
                                  17 Plants annual; flowers zygomorphic; petals 0.5-2.5 mm long; [tribe Iberideae]
                                  17 Plants annual or perennial; flowers actinomorphic; petals absent, rudimentary, or to 16 mm long; [tribe Cardamineae]
                                             22 Plants terrestrial, though sometimes growing partially submerged; not rooting at nodes.
                                               23 Flowers blue, rarely pink or white; petals 12-32 mm long; [tribe Brassiceae]
                                               23 Flowers white, sometimes pink or purple; petals <16 mm long.
                                                    25 Cauline leaves simple or pinnately to palmately compound, typically not auriculate; if simple and auriculate, then plants usually with a mix of compound and simple cauline leaves and the simple leaves ovate or oblong and never deeply pinnatifid (as in C. clematitis)
                              15 Leaves basal and cauline but not auriculate (basal leaves sometimes withering upon flowering, thus only appearing alternate).
                                                                     33 Petals 15-30 mm long; fruit conspicuously coin-like, oblong to suborbicular and latiseptate (flattened parallel to septum); [tribe Lunarieae]
                                                                     33 Petals rarely to 20 mm long; fruit ovate to linear (if rounded not strongly flattened like a coin, or if flattened the fruit long and slender as in Warea).
                                                                       34 Inflorescence corymbose; claws (of the petals) strongly differentiated from blades; fruit latiseptate and stipitate, linear in shape; [natives of sandhills and coastal plain, NC to s. MS]
                                                                       34 Inflorescence elongate or corymbose (if so, not also collectively as above); claws differentiated or not from blades; fruit terete, latiseptate, or augustiseptate (flattened perpindicular to septum), stipate or not, linear to ovate in shape; [widespread natives and non-natives]
image of plant
Show caption*© Daniel Cahen, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Daniel Cahen
                                                                                  39 Leaves smelling of garlic when crushed, reniform or cordate, dentate; [tribe Thlaspideae]