Parthenocissus inserta (A. Kerner) Fritsch. Thicket Creeper, "False Virginia Creeper", "Grape-woodbine". Phen: May-Jun; Aug-Sep. Hab: Maritime thickets, rich alluvial forests, rich forests over mafic rocks, roadsides, and dumps. Dist: QC west to MB, WY, and CA, south to e. VA, n. WV, OH, MO, TX, AZ, and Mexico (COA). Recently found in Polk County, NC (D. Campbell, pers. comm., 2014) and appearing in other mountain counties, perhaps as escapes from cultivation or adventive.

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: Pringle (2010) reviewed the complicated nomenclatural history and concluded that P. inserta is the correct name for this taxon; Moore & Wen in FNA 12 (2016) disagreed.

Synonymy: = F, Il, K3, K4, NE, NY, Pa; = Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E.Jarvis; = n/a – RAB, Tat; = Parthenocissus laciniata (Planch.) Small – S13; = Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) Hitchc. – C, FNA12, G, GrPl, K1, Mex, Tx

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FACU
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: FACU
• Great Plains: FAC
• Midwest: FACU
• Northcentral & Northeast: FACU

Heliophily: 5