*Lithospermum officinale Linnaeus. European Gromwell. Phen: Jun-Aug. Hab: Disturbed areas, roadsides, pastures. Dist: Native of Europe and occurring at scattered localities in ne. North America, south to PA and NJ (Kartesz 1999).
Origin/Endemic status: Europe
Synonymy ⓘ: = C, F, G, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mi, NE, NY, Al-Shehbaz (1991), Cusick (1985), Turner (1995a); = n/a – Pa
Heliophily ⓘ: 8
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