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1 Flowers yellow. |
..2 Leaves auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul at base. |
....3 Upper stems glaucous. |
......4 Petals 6-30mm, clawed; [tribe Brassiceae] |
......4 Petals 2-4mm, not clawed; [tribe Isatideae] |
....3 Upper stems green; [tribe Cardamineae]. |
........5 Stems angular distally; blooming Apr to early Jun |
........5 Stems not angular distally; blooming Apr to Oct |
..2 Leaves not clasping at base. |
..........6 Petals with contrasting dark veins; [tribe Brassiceae] |
..........6 Petals mostly uniform in color. |
............ 7 Ovaries and young fruits 2-segmented; petals 6-30 mm; [tribe Brassiceae] |
............ 7 Ovaries and young fruits unsegmented; petals 1-8 mm. |
............ ..8 Stigmas distinctly 2-lobed; [tribe Sisymbrieae] |
............ ..8 Stigmas entire, rarely indistinctly 2-lobed; [tribe Cardamineae] |
1 Flowers white, pinkish, purple, lavender, or blue. |
............ ....9 Leaves strictly basal or basal and cauline and auriculate. |
............ ......10 Plants with only basal leaves or cauline leaves much reduced. |
............ ........11 Plants annual; flowers zygomorphic; petals 0.5-2.5 mm long; [tribe Iberideae] |
............ ........11 Plants annual or perennial; flowers actinomorphic; petals absent, rudimentary, or to 16 mm long; [tribe Cardamineae] |
............ ......10 Plants with some well-developed cauline leaves. |
............ ..........12 Ovaries and young fruits ovate, orbicular or cordate. |
............ ............ 13 Ovules 1 per ovary; [tribe Calepineae] |
............ ............ 13 Ovules >1 per ovary. |
............ ............ ..14 Ovules 2 (rarely 4) per ovary; [tribe Lepidieae] |
............ ............ ..14 Ovules 6-16 per ovary. |
............ ............ ....15 Leaves mostly entire; plants not fetid; [tribe Noccaeeae] |
............ ............ ....15 Leaves often toothed; plants fetid; [tribe Thlaspideae] |
............ ..........12 Ovaries and young fruits linear. |
............ ............ ......16 Plants aquatic or semi-aquatic; rooting at nodes; [tribe Cardamineae] |
............ ............ ......16 Plants terrestrial, though sometimes growing partially submerged; not rooting at nodes. |
............ ............ ........17 Flowers blue, rarely pink or white; petals 12-32 mm; [tribe Brassiceae] |
............ ............ ........17 Flowers white, sometimes pink; petals <16 mm. |
............ ............ ..........18 Cauline leaves sessile; [tribe Boechereae] |
............ ............ ..........18 Cauline leaves usually petiolate; [tribe Cardamineae] |
............ ....9 Leaves basal and cauline but not auriculate. |
............ ............ ............ 19 Plants aquatic, rooting at nodes; [tribe Cardamineae]. |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Submersed leaves dissected into filiform segments |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Leaves not dissected into filiform segments |
............ ............ ............ 19 Plants terrestrial, though sometimes growing partially submersed; not rooting at nodes. |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Stamens 2 or 4. |
............ ............ ............ ......22 Ovaries and young fruits linear; [tribe Cardamineae] |
............ ............ ............ ......22 Ovaries and young fruits ovate, orbicular or cordate. |
............ ............ ............ ........23 Flowers actinomorphic; filaments not appendaged; [tribe Lepidieae] |
............ ............ ............ ........23 Flowers zygomorphic; filaments appendaged; [tribe Iberideae] |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Stamens 6. |
............ ............ ............ ..........24 Petals 15-30 mm long; [tribe Lunarieae] |
............ ............ ............ ..........24 Petals rarely to 20 mm long. |
............ ............ ............ ............ 25 Ovaries and young fruits 2-segmented; [tribe Brassiceae] |
............ ............ ............ ............ 25 Ovaries and young fruits unsegmented. |
............ ............ ............ ............ ..26 Ovaries and young fruits ovate, orbicular or cordate; [tribe Lepidieae] |
............ ............ ............ ............ ..26 Ovaries and young fruits linear. |
............ ............ ............ ............ ....27 Petals with contrasting dark veins; [tribe Brassiceae] |
............ ............ ............ ............ ....27 Petals mostly uniform in color. |
............ ............ ............ ............ ......28 Leaves smelling of garlic when crushed, reniform or cordate, dentate; [tribe Thlaspideae] |
............ ............ ............ ............ ......28 Leaves not smelling of garlic, rarely reniform or cordate, with margins various. |
............ ............ ............ ............ ........29 Cauline leaves sessile; [tribe Boechereae] |
............ ............ ............ ............ ........29 Cauline leaves usually petiolate; [tribe Cardamineae]. |
............ ............ ............ ............ ..........30 Base of plant usually glabrous; seeds not winged |
............ ............ ............ ............ ..........30 Base of plant pubescent; seeds winged |
1 Fruits silicles (< 3× as long as wide). |
..2 Fruits 2-segmented |
..2 Fruits unsegmented. |
....3 Fruits 2 cm or more wide |
....3 Fruits < 2 cm wide. |
......4 Fruits with 20 or more seeds |
......4 Fruits with 16 or fewer seeds. |
........5 Fruits with 1 seed. |
..........6 Plants 5 dm or more tall |
..........6 Plants < 5 dm tall |
........5 Fruits with 2-16 seeds. |
............ 7 Fruits with 2 seeds |
............ 7 Fruits with more than 2 seeds. |
............ ..8 Leaves pinnately lobed |
............ ..8 Leaves not lobed. |
............ ....9 Plants not fetid; seeds usually smooth, yellowish to medium brown |
............ ....9 Plants fetid; seeds striate or alveolate, dark gray to dark brown or black |
1 Fruits siliques (> 3× as long as wide). |
............ ......10 Fruits indehiscent or breaking into 1-seeded segments. |
............ ........11 Fruits not segmented, 1-seeded |
............ ........11 Fruits segmented, usually more than 1-seeded. |
............ ..........12 Styles obsolete; plants glabrous; of beaches |
............ ..........12 Styles 1-5 mm; plants pubescent; inland |
............ ......10 Fruits dehiscent, more than 1-seeded. |
............ ............ 13 Fruits segmented |
............ ............ 13 Fruits unsegmented. |
............ ............ ..14 Fruits latiseptate (flattened parallel to the septum). |
............ ............ ....15 Replums strongly flattened; fruit valves dehiscing elastically, coiled |
............ ............ ....15 Replums terete; fruit valves not dehiscing elastically or coiled. |
............ ............ ......16 Seeds not winged |
............ ............ ......16 Seeds winged at least distally. |
............ ............ ........17 Cauline leaves pinnatifid or pinnatisect |
............ ............ ........17 Cauline leaves entire or dentate |
............ ............ ..14 Fruits terete or 4-angled. |
............ ............ ..........18 Plants aquatic or semi-aquatic; rooting at nodes |
............ ............ ..........18 Plants terrestrial, though rarely growing partially submersed; not rooting at nodes. |
............ ............ ............ 19 Leaves smelling of garlic when crushed, reniform or cordate, dentate |
............ ............ ............ 19 Leaves not smelling of garlic when crush, rarely reniform or cordate, dentate or not. |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Seeds biseriate |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Seeds uniseriate. |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Stigma lobes obviously decurrent |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Stigma lobes sometimes distinct but not decurrent. |
............ ............ ............ ......22 Lower cauline leaves entire or dentate |
............ ............ ............ ......22 Lower cauline leaves pinnatifid or pinnatisect. |
............ ............ ............ ........23 Terminal leaflet lobes nearly entire to crenate or undulate |
............ ............ ............ ........23 Terminal leaflet lobes sharply toothed or cut |