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1 Trees, shrubs, or woody vines. |
..2 Prostrate or climbing woody vine (liana), rooting at nodes; corolla lilac; [alien]; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Paederieae] |
..2 Shrub or tree (sometimes somewhat scrambling, but not rooting at nodes); corolla white, green, maroon, or orange-red; [native or alien]. |
....3 Inflorescence spherical or globular; [collectively widespread] |
......4 Fruits dry, dehiscent; [subfamily Cinchonoideae; tribe Naucleeae] |
......4 Fruits fleshy, indehiscent; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Morindeae] |
....3 Inflorescence cymose, thyrsoid, or corymbose; [Coastal Plain, from s. SC southward]. |
........5 Flowers orange-red; leaves usually whorled; [subfamily Cinchonoideae; tribe Hamelieae] |
........5 Flowers white, green, or maroon; leaves opposite. |
..........6 Flowers solitary, terminal; [subfamily Ixoroideae; tribe Gardenieae] |
..........6 Flowers in cymose or thyrsoid inflorescences. |
............ 7 Inflorescence cymose; some calyx lobes expanded into pink or reddish “flags”; leaves deciduous; domatia not present; [of s. SC southward]; [subfamily Ixoroideae; tribe Condamineeae] |
............ 7 Inflorescences thyrsoid; calyx lobes inconspicuous; leaves evergreen; domatia present in secondary vein axils; [of ne. FL southward] |
............ ..8 Lateral veins 3-6 on either side of the midvein; fruit white; petals yellowish, > 6 mm long; [subfamily Cinchonoideae; tribe Chiococceae] |
............ ..8 Lateral veins 8-14 on either side of the midvein; fruit red; petals white, <5 mm long; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Psychotrieae] |
1 Herbs (or creeping subshrubs in Mitchella). |
............ ....9 Leaves whorled; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Rubieae] |
............ ....9 Leaves opposite |
............ ......10 Flowers paired, the ovaries connate and developing into a single fleshy red fruit; leaves roundish; creeping subshrub; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Mitchelleae] |
............ ......10 Flowers single or in inflorescences with multiple flowers, the fruits either dry or fleshy and yellowish or black; leaves various; herb; [subfamily Rubioideae; tribe Spermacoceae]. |
............ ........11 Carpels with few to many seeds. |
............ ..........12 Corolla 5-lobed |
............ ..........12 Corolla 4-lobed. |
............ ............ 13 Capsule longer than the calyx tube; flowers blue, pink, or white |
............ ............ 13 Capsule not longer than the calyx tube; flowers white |
............ ........11 Carpels 1-seeded. |
............ ............ ..14 Flowers in dense, terminal, involucrate heads; flowers 4- or-6-lobed; styles 3 |
............ ............ ..14 Flowers in axillary or terminal clusters, or single in axils, not involucrate; flowers 4-lobed; styles 2. |
............ ............ ....15 Flowers usually solitary in leaf axils; fruit separating into 2 parts. |
............ ............ ......16 Sepals 4 and similar in size; style entire; [of dry habitats] |
............ ............ ......16 Sepals 2 (or 4, and then markedly dimorphic); style cleft; [of moist to wet habitats] |
............ ............ ....15 Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters; fruits not separating into 2 parts. |
............ ............ ........17 Carpels opening transversely |
............ ............ ........17 Carpels opening longitudinally |