Dryopteris celsa (W. Palmer) Knowlton, W. Palmer, & Pollard. Log Fern. Phen: Jun-Sep. Hab: Swamps, seepage bogs, and calcareous floodplains, typically associated with calcareous substrates. Dist: Ne. NJ and ne. NY west to s. IL, e. MO, and AR, south to SC, GA, n. AL, TN, e. and n. LA, and e. TX (Mink, Singhurst, & Holmes 2011a); disjunct in w. NY and w. MI; overall very scattered in its distribution. Discovered in MS by John Kees (Kees & Weakley 2018).

Origin/Endemic status: Native

Taxonomy Comments: This species is a fertile allotetraploid derived from hybridization of D. goldiana and D. ludoviciana; its chromosome complement is symbolized GGLL (Werth 1991).

Synonymy: = Ar, C, ETx1, F, FNA2, Il, K1, K3, K4, Mo1, NY, Pa, RAB, Tn, TxFerns, Va, W, WV, Montgomery & Paulton (1981); = Dryopteris ×celsa (W.Palmer) Knowlt., W.Palmer, & Pollard – Tat; = Dryopteris goldiana (Hook. ex Goldie) A.Gray ssp. celsa W.Palmer – G; > Dryopteris atropalustris Small – Sf; > Dryopteris celsa (W.Palmer) Knowlt., W.Palmer, & Pollard – Sf; >< Dryopteris cristata (L.) A.Gray – Tx, misidentification

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Wetland Indicator Status:

• Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain: FAC
• Eastern Mountains and Piedmont: OBL
• Great Plains: OBL
• Midwest: OBL
• Northcentral & Northeast: OBL

Heliophily: 2