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Key F5: Woody angiosperms with alternate, odd-pinnately compound leaves

Plantae

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1
Leaves very large, > 10 dm long
 ⇒ Arecaceae
1
Leaves small to large, < 10 dm long.
  2
Stems armed with prickles or stipular or nodal spines; leaves often also with prickles.
    3
Leaves with conspicuous leafy stipules, often adnate to the petiole; plant a liana or small to medium shrub; leaves serrate, often sharply and prominently so; leaves not strongly aromatic when fresh, lacking pellucid punctate glands on the surface
 ⇒ Rosaceae
    3
Leaves lacking leafy stipules; plant a tree or tall shrub; leaves entire or obscurely crenate or serrate; plant a tree or tall shrub; leaves either strongly aromatic when fresh, with conspicuous pellucid punctate glands or not aromatic and not pellucid-punctate.
      4
Leaves not aromatic when fresh, lacking pellucid punctate glands; leaves never with prickles on the rachis; leaflet apices rounded
 ⇒ Robinia
      4
Leaves strongly aromatic when fresh, with conspicuous pellucid punctate glands; leaves often with prickles on the rachis; leaflet apices usually acuminate
 ⇒ Zanthoxylum

(c) Fleming, Gary P.
(c) Keim, Mary - CC-BY-NC-SA, permission granted to NCBG
  2
Stems unarmed (leaflets with spinose margins in some species, or the stem with dense hispid hairs, but these not particularly sharp to the touch).
      6
Plant an upright shrub or tree, not climbing.
        7
Plant a medium or tall tree.
          8
Leaves with stipules; flowers bilaterally symmetrical, papilionaceous, white, cream, or pink; stamens 10; fruit a legume; [collectively widespread in our area]
 ⇒ Fabaceae
          8
Leaves without stipules; flowers radially symmetrical, whitish; stamens 5 or 10; fruit a single-seeded drupe; [FL peninsula]
 ⇒ Bursera simaruba
        7
Plant a shrub or small tree to 7 (-10) m tall.
          9
Leaf 2-5 cm long, with 5-7 leaflets
 ⇒ Dasiphora floribunda
          9
Leaf > 8 cm long, with 5-many leaflets.
             10
Flowers bilaterally symmetrical, papilionaceous (reduced in Amorpha to a single petal); stamens 10; fruit a legume; leaves with stipules (stipulate).
 ⇒ Fabaceae
             10
Flowers radially symmetrical, stamens 4-5 (to 10+ in Simarouba); fruit either a drupe (Anacardiaceae, Simaroubaceae), or a 1-3-seeded berry or a samara (Picramniaceae); leaves without stipules (exstipulate).
               11
Inflorescence a panicle; fruit a drupe; [collectively widespread]
                 12
Plants with pellucid (translucent) gland dots (usually variously present across vegetative and flowering parts)
 ⇒ Glycosmis parviflora
                   13
Carpels remaining united, forming a compound fruit (the fruits various)
 ⇒ Anacardiaceae
                   13
Carpels becoming distinct, each forming a simple drupe (although the fruit collectively sometimes a druparia, or cluster of drupe-like fruits)
 ⇒ Simaroubaceae
               11
Inflorescence a raceme or compound thyrse; fruit a samara or 1-3-seeded berry; [s. FL]
 ⇒ Picramniaceae
    5
Leaflets serrate or crenate (sometimes minutely so, look closely).
      14
Leaflets crenate or crenulate, the teeth rounded and coarse (Cupania) or often inconspicuous or minute.
        15
Fruit a fleshy berry, red to dark orange at maturity; leaf surfaces often (but not always) with punctate glands; flowers white, solitary or in small fascicles; [uncommon non-native, s. FL]
 ⇒ Murraya paniculata
        15
Fruit a capsule, drupe, or shizocarp of mericarps, variously colored at maturity; leaf surfaces not glandular-punctate; flowers variously colored, the inflorescence paniculate or thyrsiform; [collectively widespread natives and non-natives, including s. FL].
          16
Fruit a dehiscent capsule; mid to lower leaflets usually conspicuously alternate along the rachis, the leaflet crenations often coarse; [s. FL only in our area]
 ⇒ Cupania glabra
          16
Fruit a drupe or schizocarp of 2-5 samaroid mericarps (these evidently winged); mid to lower leaflets usually opposite or subopposite along the rachis, the crenations often inconspicuous; [collectively widespread].
             17
Leaflets with obscure crenations, not as below nor bearing glands; leaf rachis narrowly to conspicuously winged, especially towards the tip; fruit a drupe; plant a shrub or small tree
 ⇒ Anacardiaceae
             17
Leaflets (especially the basal and on the basalscopic side) with 1-5 large rounded teeth, each bearing a prominent dark green gland; leaf rachis not winged; fruit a schizocarp, with 2-5 samaroid mericarps; plant a medium to large tree
 ⇒ Ailanthus altissima
             20
Plant a tree, freely branched; rhizome inner bark not brightly colored; flowers unisexual, the male flowers in catkins, the female flowers solitary or few in a spike, the perianth greenish or tan and inconspicuous; fruit a nut covered by a dehiscent or indehiscent involucre
 ⇒ Juglandaceae
             20
Plant a short shrub, < 1 m tall, little branched; rhizome inner bark of fresh plants bright yellow; flowers bisexual, petals absent, the 5 petaloid sepals maroon; inflorescence a drooping panicle from the base of the new year’s growth; fruit an aggregate of follicles
 ⇒ Xanthorhiza simplicissima
             21
Inflorescence corymbose (flat-topped or rounded, as wide as long or wider); fruit a red pome
 ⇒ Sorbus
             21
Inflorescence paniculate (longer than wide); fruit various (see below), but not as above.
               22
Leaves stipulate; flowers bright white; fruit an aggregate of 5 follicles
 ⇒ Sorbaria sorbifolia
               22
Leaves lacking stipules; flowers cream or yellow; fruit either a drupe or an inflated membranaceous capsule.