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1 Liana, climbing by twining; [tribe Millettieae] |
..2 Inflorescence a stiff panicle; leaflets (5-) 7-9; ovary and fruit glabrous; leaves evergreen |
..2 Inflorescence a pendent raceme; leaflets 7-19; ovary and fruit either glabrous or densely velvety-villous; leaves cold-deciduous |
1 Shrubs and trees, lacking climbing adaptations. |
....3 Leaflets glandular-punctate (not requiring magnification). |
......4 Leaflets 4-10 cm long; leaves with 7-13 leaflets; large tree; flowers ca. 15 mm long, pink-purple; [tribe Milletieae] |
......4 Leaflets 0.4-4 (-7) cm long; leaves with (7-) 9-31 leaflets; shrub or small tree; flowers 4-11 mm long, white, cream, violet, purple, or blue; [tribe Amorpheae]. |
........5 Corolla reduced to a single petal (the standard); flowers whitish, sky blue, dark blue, purple, or violet; [collectively widespread] |
........5 Corolla of 5 petals; flowers white to cream, sometimes 'fading' to dark purple; [s. FL, TX]. |
..........6 Flowers papilionoid, either cream, fading purplish, or bicolored white and purple; [s. FL, TX, OK] |
..........6 Flowers only slightly bilaterally symmetrical, white; [TX] |
....3 Leaflets lacking punctate glands. |
............ 7 Leaflets 3-9 per leaf; leaflets 2-15 (-20) cm long; small or large tree (to shrub in Dermatophyllum secundiflorum). |
............ ..8 Lateral leaflets all or mostly alternate along the rachis. |
............ ....9 Leaflets (5-) 7-9 per leaf; flowers 18-25 mm long, white; [native, also planted; SC, GA, AL, MS, and LA northwards] |
............ ....9 Leaflets 3-5 (-7) per leaf; flowers ca. 10 mm long, yellow-white or pinkish; [non-native; FL peninsula] |
............ ..8 Lateral leaflets strictly in opposite pairs. |
............ ......10 Stamens free; [tribe Sophoreae]. |
............ ........11 Corollas 14-16 mm long, blue-purple; fruit turgid and cylindrical, but torulose-constricted between the scarlet seeds; [native; TX] |
............ ........11 Corollas 7-11 mm long, cream to white; fruit flattened, not constricted between the tan to light brown seeds; [non-native] |
............ ......10 Stamens monadelphous or diadelphous; [FL peninsula]; [tribe Milletieae] |
............ ..........12 Fruit woody, unwinged, with 1 very large (ca. 2 cm long) seed; stamens diadelphous |
............ ..........12 Fruit 2-9 cm long, membranaceous, with 4 broad, tan, ruffled wings and 1-6 black seeds; stamens monadelphous |
............ 7 Leaflets (5-) 7-31 per leaf, at least the larger and better developed leaves on a plant with 11 or more leaflets; leaflets 0.4-12 cm long; shrub, small tree, or large tree. |
............ ............ 13 Corollas 5-6 mm long, pink or purplish; fruits 15-35 mm long, 1-3 mm wide |
............ ............ 13 Corollas 9-30 mm long, yellow, white, pink, or purplish; fruits 25-150 (-200) mm long, 5-35 mm wide. |
............ ............ ..14 Corollas ca. 10 mm long, pink or purplish; fruit a single-seeded, globose or broadly ellipsoid drupe, 2.5-4 cm long, 2-3 cm in diameter; leaflets 4-12 cm long; [s. FL] |
............ ............ ..14 Corollas 15-30 mm long, white, pink, purplish, or bright yellow or coppery; fruit a legume, seeds several; leaflets 2-6 cm long; [collectively widespread] |
............ ............ ....15 Corollas bright yellow or coppery; fruits about as thick as wide, either bladdery-inflated or moniliform (like beads on a string). |
............ ............ ......16 Fruits bladdery-inflated, 50-70 mm long, 20-30 mm in diameter; stamens diadelphous; [cultivated ornamental, rarely establishing] |
............ ............ ......16 Fruits moniliform (like beads on a string), 100-200 mm long, 7-8 mm in diameter at the seeds, 1-2 mm in diameter between the seeds; stamens free; [native of coastal peninsular FL and TX]. |
............ ............ ....15 Corollas white, pink, or pink-purple; fruits flattened (wider than thick). |
............ ............ ........17 Leaflets short-acuminate at the apex; calyx truncate-sinuate at its apex; branches not armed; [tropical s. FL] |
............ ............ ........17 Leaflets rounded, obtuse, or retuse (and also usually with a noticeable mucro) at the apex; calyx with lobes at its apex; branches sometimes armed with stipular (nodal) spines or internodal hispid hairs; [temperate, widespread in our region] |
1 Lateral veins of each leaflet neatly straight and parallel to one another; [tribe Millettieae] |
1 Lateral veins of each leaflet complicatedly and less regularly arrayed. |
..2 Leaves (at least the largest and those with the most leaflets) with ≥ 13 leaflets. |
....3 Ovaries (and later fruits) with dense, hooked prickles (looking like a miniature cocklebur, Xanthium); leaves and stems glandular-punctate with brown or black glands; stamens diadelphous (9 and 1); [rare waif in our area]; [tribe Galegeae] |
....3 Ovaries (and later fruits) glabrous, glandular, or hairy; leaves and stems glabrous, variously hairy, but not glandular-punctate (except Dalea); stamens 5-10, monadelphous, diadelphous, or separate; [collectively widespread]. |
......4 Leaflets conspicuously dentate; [tribe Cicereae] |
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........5 Hairs dolabriform (with 2 branches parallel to the surface and pointing at 180° from each other). |
..........6 Petals reddish orange and/or with some pink or salmon; [tribe Indigofereae] |
..........6 Petals pink-purple to violet; [tribe Galegeae] |
........5 Hairs basifixed. |
............ 7 Fruit a loment (jointed between each seed and splitting into single-seeded segments). |
............ ..8 Loments cylindrical, jointed but not noticeably constricted between the seeds; Inflorescence an umbel of (7-) 10-15 flowers; [tribe Loteae] |
............ ..8 Loments flattened, prominently constricted between the seeds; inflorescence a raceme or umbel of 2-8 flowers. |
............ ....9 Corolla primarily white to pink; loments 1-2.5 cm long, not borne on a stipe; [tribe Coronilleae] |
............ ....9 Corolla primarily yellow (sometimes also marked with pink or orange); loments 2-5 cm long, borne on a 1-20 mm long stipe (above the calyx); [tribe Dalbergieae] |
............ 7 Fruit a legume (lacking joints between each seed, though sometimes the pod constricted). |
............ ......10 Inflorescences pedunculate, axillary racemes; leaflets eglandular; fruits dehiscent; [tribe Galegeae] |
............ ......10 Inflorescences terminal racemes, spikes, or heads; leaflets glandular-punctate or not; fruits indehiscent. |
............ ........11 Fruit 1-seeded; leaflets glandular-punctate; [tribe Amorpheae] |
............ ........11 Fruit with several seeds; leaflets eglandular; [tribe Sophoreae] |
..2 Leaves (the largest and those with the most leaflets) with < 11 leaflets. |
............ ..........12 Fruit a loment (constricted between each seed and splitting into single-seeded segments); petals primarily yellow (sometimes also marked with pink or orange); [of the se. Coastal Plain, from e. GA southwards and westwards]; [tribe Dalbergieae]. |
............ ............ 13 Stems ascending or erect; loment subterete |
............ ............ 13 Stems prostrate, trailing; loment flattened |
............ ..........12 Fruit a legume (lacking constrictions between the seeds); petals variously colored; [collectively widespread]. |
............ ............ ..14 Ovaries (and later fruits) with dense, hooked prickles; leaves and stems glandular-punctate with brown or black glands; stamens diadelphous (9 and 1); [rare waif in our area]; [tribe Galegeae] |
............ ............ ..14 Ovaries (and later fruits) glabrous, glandular, or hairy; leaves and stems glabrous, variously hairy, but not glandular-punctate (except Dalea); stamens 5-10, monadelphous, diadelphous, or separate; [collectively widespread]. |
............ ............ ....15 Plants with basal rosettes, the basal and cauline leaves a mixture of simple and pinnately compound; [rare waif in our area]; [tribe Loteae] |
............ ............ ....15 Plants with primarily cauline leaves, all pinnately compound; [collectively widespread]. |
............ ............ ......16 Plants erect or ascending herbs. |
............ ............ ........17 Leaves with 5 leaflets, the 2 basal leaflets positioned like stipules at the base of the leaf (the leaf thus sessile); [tribe Loteae] |
............ ............ ........17 Leaves with 5-9 (or fewer or more and then keyed elsewhere), the lower leaflets positioned above a definite petiole. |
............ ............ ..........18 Hairs dolabriform (with 2 branches parallel to the surface and pointing at 180° from each other; petals reddish orange and/or with some pink or salmon; flowers papilionaceous; stamens 10, diadelphous (9+1); leaflets often > 5 mm wide; legume 3+-seeded; flowers 5-12 mm long, in racemes; [tribe Indigofereae] |
............ ............ ..........18 Hairs basifixed; petals of various colors; flowers not papilionaceous, barely bilaterally symmetrical; stamens 5, monadelphous; leaflets 0.5-5 mm wide; legume 1-seeded; flowers very small, < 5.5 mm long, aggregated into tight spike; [tribe Amorpheae] |
............ ............ ......16 Plants prostrate or twining herbaceous vines. |
............ ............ ............ 19 Hairs dolabriform (with 2 branches parallel to the surface and pointing at 180° from each other; petals reddish orange and/or with some pink or salmon; [tribe Indigofereae] |
............ ............ ............ 19 Hairs basifixed; petals of various colors; [tribe Phaseoleae]. |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Flower usually solitary, resupinate (twisted at 180° so that the standard is below); standard 3.5-5 cm long |
............ ............ ............ ..20 Flowers few to many in racemes, normally oriented (with the standard above); standard < 2.5 cm long. |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Corolla purplish, maroon, brownish, or yellowish green; leaflets 4-9 cm long, on petioles 3-5 mm long; keel coiled |
............ ............ ............ ....21 Corolla either white with red striations or lavender; leaflets 2-5 cm long, on petioles 1-2 mm long; keel carinate, not coiled |