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311 results More search options

Family	Scientific Name	Common Name	Habitat	Distribution
Cyperaceae	Carex ×deamii		Bottomland forests.	WV west to MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex abscondita	Thicket Sedge	Bottomlands, other mesic forests, seepage swamps.	MA south to Panhandle FL, west to TX and OK, and scattered inland.
Cyperaceae	Carex acidicola		Mesic forests.	Nc. GA and c. AL south to sw. GA (Naczi, Bryson, & Cochrane 2002).
Cyperaceae	Carex acutiformis	Lesser Pond Sedge	Marsh edges, wet fields.	Native of Eurasia (FNA, Kartesz 1999). Introduced in MD and NY.
Cyperaceae	Carex aestivaliformis		High-elevation wet meadows, sphagnous beaver wetlands (TN, VA), upland submesic forests (GA, TN).	The distribution is unclear, because of variable treatment in the past.
Cyperaceae	Carex aestivalis	Summer Sedge	Northern hardwood forests, northern red oak forests, other dry-mesic to mesic forests and moist rock outcrops at medium to high elevations.	VT south to n. GA, in or near the Appalachians.
Cyperaceae	Carex aggregata	Glomerate Sedge	Mesic to submesic forests and woodlands, fields, roadsides, other disturbed areas, especially over calcareous substrates.	NY, ON, MN, and SD, south to nc. and nw. NC, TN, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex alata	Broad-winged Sedge	Bottomland forests, beaver ponds, oligohaline tidal marshes, other freshwater marshes, depression ponds.	NH, MI, and MO south to c. peninsular FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex albicans var. albicans	White-tinged Sedge, Architectural Sedge	Dry woodlands, forests, and clearings.	ME west to IL, and OK, south to DE, NC, SC, n. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), TN, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex albicans var. australis	Southern White-tinged Sedge, Bellow's-beak Sedge	Dry woodlands.	MD south to ne. FL and FL Panhandle, west to AR, OK, TX, and Mexico.
Cyperaceae	Carex albolutescens	Greenish-white Sedge	Low fields, bottomlands.	MA, NY, WI, and MO, south to Panhandle FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex albursina	White Bear Sedge	Nutrient-rich cove forests (and less commonly in drier forests), over mafic or calcareous rocks. Rich mesic forests further northward.	VT and s. QC west to MN, south to SC (P. McMillan pers. comm. 2003, specimen at CLEMS), nw. GA, MS (Dorey & Bryson 2016), ne. AL (S. Ward, pers. obs. 2022), and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex allegheniensis	Allegheny Sedge	Swamps, bogs, streamhead pocosins, other moist to wet habitats, boggy pools in floodplains.	Primarily from PA south to n. GA, mostly in the Appalachian Mountains; scattered reports more broadly need additional evaluation.
Cyperaceae	Carex alopecoidea		Seasonally saturated situations, typically over calcareous substrates.	NS west to SK, south to DC, MD, WV, KY, e. TN, and IA (Standley in FNA 2002b).
Cyperaceae	Carex amphibola	Eastern Narrowleaf Sedge	Moist loamy forests, bottomlands, slopes, uplands.	MA, s. ON, MI, IL, MO, and OK, south to GA, AL, MS, LA, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex annectens	Yellow-fruited Sedge	Marshes, bottomland forests, drier forests and woodlands.	S. ME west to MN, south to FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex appalachica	Appalachian Sedge	Dry to mesic forests, rock outcrops.	ME and ON south to w. SC, n. GA, and e. TN. First reported for SC by Hill & Horn (1997) and Gaddy (2014).
Cyperaceae	Carex aquatilis var. substricta	Aquatic Sedge	Mountaintop ponds (with Dulichium arundinaceum, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Juncus canadensis), mafic fens at high elevation, northwards in sedge meadows and shores.	NL (Newfoundland) west to ND, south to NJ, s. PA, OH, IN, IA, and NE; disjunct in w. VA (Augusta County) and nw. NC (Bluff Mountain, Ashe County, NC). First reported for VA by Wieboldt et al. (1998).
Cyperaceae	Carex arcta	Northern Cluster Sedge	Seasonally wet swamps and wet forests, meadows.	NL west to AK, south to NY, nw. PA (?), ec. OH, MI, WI, MN, WY, ID, and CA. The records for nw. PA (Presque isle) and e. OH are based on misidentified specimens (S. Grund, pers.comm., 2023).
Cyperaceae	Carex arctata	Black Sedge, Drooping Woodland Sedge	Northern hardwood and spruce forests, bog edges, moist forests northwards in our region.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to PA, w. VA, nw. NC (Long Hope Valley, Ashe County; Grandfather Mountain), and OH. First reported for VA (Highland County) by Fleming & Ludwig (1996).
Cyperaceae	Carex arenaria	Sand Sedge	Moist to dry sandy hammocks; probably introduced from Europe.	In North America, known from DE south to se. NC; also on ballast in OR (Mackenzie 1931-1935). Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. VA, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, NC, certainly appear native.
Cyperaceae	Carex argyrantha	Silvery-flowered Sedge, Hay Sedge	Grassy balds, mountain meadows, dry-mesic to dry forests, woodlands, clearings, and outcrops.	NB west to ON, south to w. NC, e. TN (Unicoi County), and OH.
Cyperaceae	Carex arkansana	Arkansas Sedge	Bottomland forests, other wet forests and damp prairies, oak flatwoods, (in VA) in seasonally wet meadow in former railroad yard.	Native range from s. IL, n. MO, and e. KS south through AR and OK to e. TX. See Simmons, Strong, & Parrish (2008) for additional information on the Virginia occurrence.
Cyperaceae	Carex atherodes	Awned Sedge	Marl fens, bottomland prairies, wet meadows, marshes.	Circumboreal, south in North America to NY, n. VA, n. WV, MO, CO, UT, and OR.
Cyperaceae	Carex atlantica	Prickly Bog Sedge	Bogs and seepages.	NS west to MI and nw. IN, south to ne. FL, Panhandle FL, and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex aurea	Golden-fruited Sedge	Wet calcareous sites, prairies, swamps, shores, and disturbed areas.	NL west to AK, south to NY, nw. PA, s. OH, s. IN, s. IL, MN, KS, TX, NM, AZ, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex aureolensis	Southern Frank’s Sedge, Broad-scaled Sedge, Golden Cattail Sedge	Floodplain forests and marshes.	VA, KY, IL, and NE south to n. peninsular FL, Panhandle FL, TX, NM, COA, and NLE; South America.
Cyperaceae	Carex austrina	Southern Sedge	Dry calcareous prairies, meadows, and forests, also roadsides, apparently introduced eastwards with hay and/or seed mixes used for erosion control.	Native from IA and NE south to LA and TX; more eastern occurrences are at least in part introduced. First reported for areas east of the Mississippi by Bryson et al. (1996). Reported for DE (Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp 2016).
Cyperaceae	Carex austrocaroliniana	South Carolina Sedge	Nutrient-rich, moist coves in the sw. mountains of NC and adjacent SC, often with some seepage.	Endemic to the southern end of the Southern Appalachians, in the Blue Ridge of sw. NC, ne. SC, n. GA, and e. TN, extending west to the Cumberland Plateau of TN and se. KY.
Cyperaceae	Carex austrodeflexa	Canebrake Sedge	Canebrakes and acid swamps, very wet loamy pine savannas.	Coastal Plain, from se. VA to Panhandle FL, west to s. AL; apparently disjunct in w. LA.
Cyperaceae	Carex austrolucorum	Appalachian Woodland Sedge	Xeric to mesic wooded slopes, usually in oak forests and northern hardwood forests.	Sw. VA, s. WV, e. KY south to nw. SC, n. GA and ne. AL.
Cyperaceae	Carex backii	Back's Sedge	Rocky woodlands and forests, cliff bases.	QC west to BC, south to NJ, PA, IA, and CO. Historic in our area (NJ, PA). Occurring further north in a few scattered areas of central NY, but otherwise no longer considered extant in our flora region.
Cyperaceae	Carex baileyi	Bailey's Sedge	Bogs, seeps.	NH south to KY, NC, and TN, primarily Appalachian.
Cyperaceae	Carex baltzellii	Baltzell's Sedge	Steepheads, beech-magnolia slopes, and mesic to dry-mesic hammocks.	Sw. GA and Panhandle FL west to s. AL and s. MS.
Cyperaceae	Carex barrattii	Barratt's Sedge	Peaty bogs and marshes, especially in depression ponds, depression swamps, and sinkhole ponds, but also in seepage, such as Piedmont boggy streamheads.	CT south to NC (at least formerly), on the Coastal Plain, and disjunct inland in places with many Coastal Plain affinities, as in w. VA (Augusta County), sw. NC (Henderson County, where now apparently extirpated), nw. SC, sc. TN (Coffee and Warren counties), n. GA, and n. AL. Reported for SC by Hill & Horn (1997) and Horn (1999). See Ungberg (2022) for discussion of its occurrence in NC.
Cyperaceae	Carex basiantha	Southern Willdenow's Sedge, Widow Sedge	Mesic forests, wet flats, and lower slopes, over calcareous rocks or sediments.	Se. NC south to n. peninsular FL, Panhandle FL, west to e. TX, and north to nw. GA, c. TN, and c. AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex bebbii	Bebb’s Sedge	Calcareous and mafic wetlands, wet prairies.	NL (Newfoundland), NL (Labrador) and AK south to NJ, nw. VA (Big Meadows, VA; ID uncertain; Weakley, Ludwig, & Townsend 2012), OH, IN, IL, NE, CO, and OR.
Cyperaceae	Carex bicknellii	Bicknell’s Sedge	Dry prairies, eastwards (SC) in prairie-like openings and barrens over gabbro or serpentine.	ME west to SK, south to DE, OH, MO, OK, and NM; disjunct in nc. SC (where first reported by Hill & Horn 1997).
Cyperaceae	Carex billingsii	Billings’s Sedge	Wet, boggy areas.	NL (Newfoundland) and ON south to s. NJ (Ocean County), ne. PA, and MI.
Cyperaceae	Carex biltmoreana	Biltmore Sedge	In thin soils on medium to high elevation granitic domes and other sloping rock outcrops, often dominant in thin-soil herbaceous mats wet by seasonal and post-rainfall seepage, and also occurring in adjacent woodlands under open to nearly closed canopy of Quercus spp., Fraxinus americana, Carya glabra, and Juniperus virginiana.	Endemic to sw. NC, nw. SC, and ne. GA (Rabun and Towns counties)
Cyperaceae	Carex blanda	Eastern Woodland Sedge, Charming Sedge	Cove forests, bottomlands, and other mesic, nutrient-rich forests.	ME and s. QC west to ND, south to c. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), n. peninsular FL, Panhandle FL, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex breviculmis	Blue Sedge	Cemeteries, lawns, disturbed areas.	Native of e. Asia, se. Asia, and Australia.
Cyperaceae	Carex brevior	Shortbeak Sedge	Prairies, dry forests, and woodland margins.	ME west to BC, south to n. GA, c. TN, MS, TX, TAM, AZ, and MIC.
Cyperaceae	Carex bromoides ssp. bromoides	Common Brome Sedge	Swamp forests, bogs, seeps, hydric hammocks, other wetlands, often associated with base-rich soils.	Ssp. bromoides ranges from NB west to e. MN, south to c. peninsular FL and e. TX; allegedly disjunct in s. Mexico, but not in Villaseñor (2016).
Cyperaceae	Carex bromoides ssp. montana	Blue Ridge Brome Sedge	Mountain bogs in the Blue Ridge, seepages in the Blue Ridge Escarpment.	Endemic to the Southern Blue Ridge of sw. VA, ne. TN, w. NC, and nw. SC.
Cyperaceae	Carex brunnescens var. sphaerostachya	Brown Sedge	Grassy balds, bogs, spruce-fir forests, northern hardwood forests, moist rock outcrops, at moderate to high elevations.	Var. sphaerostachya is eastern North American, ranging south to NJ, OH, MI, and MN, south to w. NC, e. TN, and n. GA.
Cyperaceae	Carex brysonii	Bryson’s Sedge	Mesic forests.	Endemic to the Cumberland Plateau and adjacent Coastal Plain of n. AL (falsely reported for MS).
Cyperaceae	Carex bulbostylis	Globose Sedge	Moist deciduous forests, prairies, open meadows, especially in calcareous areas.	MS west to TX and OK; disjunct in sw. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex bullata var. bullata	Button Sedge	Bogs, seeps, depression swamps, usually in very acidic settings.	MA south to sw. NC; disjunct westwards in c. AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex bullata var. greenei	Greene's Sedge	Highly acidic wetlands, primarily in the Coastal Plain.	NS south to e. GA, with scattered outliers inland, as in OH, w. NC, ne. TN, Eastern Highland Rim of TN, ne. MS, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex bushii	Bush’s Sedge	Moist to wet (rarely dry) prairies, meadows, fields, and alluvial areas, usually in moderately to strongly base-rich soils.	MA and s. NY west to MO and KS, south to NC, sw. NC (Bradley et al. [in prep.]), GA (Jones & Coile 1988), MS, and TX; disjunct in MI.
Cyperaceae	Carex buxbaumii	Brown Bog Sedge, Buxbaum's Sedge	Bogs, fens, and seepages (especially over calcareous or mafic rocks, but also in very acid sites).	Circumboreal, in North America ranging from NL (Newfoundland) west to s. and w. AK, south to se. VA, w. NC, nw. SC, n. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), c. TN, KY, n. AR, CO, UT, and CA. Reported for South Carolina by Hill & Horn (1997) and Hill (1999).
Cyperaceae	Carex calcifugens	Halfsweet Sedge	Rich bluff forests, evergreen maritime forests, rich soils over coquina limestone or shell middens.	Se. NC south to Panhandle FL.
Cyperaceae	Carex canescens	Silvery Sedge	Acidic bogs, other wetlands.	Greenland and AK south to MD, WV, IL, NM, and CA; South America, Eurasia; Australia.
Cyperaceae	Carex careyana	Carey's Sedge	Nutrient-rich moist forests, mostly over calcareous rocks.	NY west to MI and IA, south to sw. NC, AL and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex caroliniana	Carolina Sedge	Floodplain forests, depression swamps, less commonly in mesic to dry-mesic forests.	NJ, PA, MO, and OK south to SC, e. GA, and TX; apparently disjunct in Panhandle FL and adjacent sw. GA.
Cyperaceae	Carex caryophyllea	Spring Sedge	Disturbed areas.	Native of Eurasia.
Cyperaceae	Carex cephaloidea	Heady Sedge	Forests over calcareous or other high pH substrates.	NB, ON, and MN south to WV (Vanderhorst et al. 2019), OH, IN, IL, and IA.
Cyperaceae	Carex cephalophora		Mesic to dry forests, especially oak-hickory forests.	ME west to MN, south to Panhandle FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex chapmanii	Chapman's Sedge	Edges of calcareous pine savannas, calcareous slopes and bottomlands, mesic hammocks, stream terraces.	Se. NC south to c. peninsular FL, on the Coastal Plain; allegedly disjunct in nc. TN (Chester et al. 1993)
Cyperaceae	Carex cherokeensis	Cherokee Sedge, Wolftail Sedge	Predominantly in moist, rich, calcareous or subcalcareous forests, though introduced populations are not restricted to such settings.	Se. NC, nw. SC, sw. NC, nc. TN, se. MO, and OK, south to n. peninsular FL, Panhandle FL, and west to e. TX and se. OK; disjunct in the Mountains of VA, where perhaps introduced (Belden et al. 2004).
Cyperaceae	Carex chordorrhiza	Creeping Sedge	Bogs.	NL to AK, south to w. MA, nc. PA, n. IN, ne. IL, nc. IA, nc. ND, MT, WA, and nw. OR.
Cyperaceae	Carex collinsii	Collins's Sedge	White cedar (Chamaecyparis) bogs, pocosins, and sphagnous, seepage-fed streamhead swamps in the Coastal Plain, bogs in the southwest mountains of NC (where associated with other Coastal Plain disjuncts), usually growing in Sphagnum.	RI to wc. GA on the Coastal Plain, disjunct in the mountains of nw. NJ, PA, sw. NC, and possibly TN (Chester et al. 1993).
Cyperaceae	Carex communis	Fibrous-rooted Sedge	Dry woodlands and forests, bluffs, rich forests, streambanks.	PE west to MN, south to n. SC, c. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex comosa	Bottlebrush Sedge, Bristly Sedge, Porcupine Sedge	Tidal freshwater and oligohaline marshes, tidal and alluvial swamps, calcareous spring marshes, beaver wetlands, and ditches and other wet disturbed areas.	QC west to MN, south to s. FL, LA, se. OK (Hoagland & Buthod 2012), and ne. TX; disjunct in MIC (Villaseñor 2016); also in w. North America.
Cyperaceae	Carex complanata	Hirsute Sedge	Bottomland forests and swamps, depression swamps, drier barrens.	NJ and s. PA south to n. peninsular FL and Panhandle FL, west to TX and MO; apparently disjunct in AZ.
Cyperaceae	Carex conjuncta	Soft Fox Sedge	Well-drained floodplain forests, mesic to dry-mesic upland forests over mafic or calcareous rocks.	NY, NJ, MN, and SD, south to VA, sc. TN, n. AL, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex conoidea	Ancient Prairie Sedge	Calcareous and mafic fens and seepages; saturated meadows and fields over limestone, dolomite, or mafic rocks; depressions in upland prairies.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to nw. NC (Ashe Co. and Alleghany Co.), nw. AR, and MO. First found in NC by a party led by Asa Gray in 1841 "on the moist, grassy brow of a precipice of the Bluff"; located at a second site in NC by D.B. Poindexter.
Cyperaceae	Carex copulata	Spreading Sedge	Rich, mesic forests of floodplains and slopes.	PA, ON, and WI south to NC, n. AL, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex corrugata	Prune-fruited Sedge	Large-stream and river bottomlands, wet calcareous forests.	Se. VA, KY, and s. OH south to Panhandle FL and AL, west to TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex crawei	Crawe's Sedge	Calcareous barrens and prairies, usually in gravelly areas with ephemeral or periodic seepage.	QC west to BC, south to NJ, w. VA, c. TN, AL, AR, OK, CO, and AZ. First reported for VA by Ludwig (1999).
Cyperaceae	Carex crawfordii	Crawford's Sedge	Swamps and marshes, open dryish sandy areas; southwards in disturbed areas such as railroad yards (in MO).	NL west to AK, south to n. NJ, ne. PA, MI, n. IL, IA, CO, ID, and OR.
Cyperaceae	Carex crebriflora	Coastal Plain Sedge	Bottomland and other nutrient-rich forests.	VA, KY, and AR south to n. peninsular FL and Panhandle FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex crinita var. brevicrinis	Short-fringed Sedge	Swamps, wet forests, and a wide range of other wetlands.	MA south to FL, west to TX, north in the interior to KY and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex crinita var. crinita	Long-fringed Sedge	Swamps, wet forests, bogs, and a wide range of other wetlands.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN and AB, south to GA, TN, and s. MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex cristatella	Crested Sedge	Grassy balds, fens, wet meadows, river shores, especially in calcareous or nutrient-rich alluvial soils.	VT west to SK, south to w. NC, KY, MO, and KS. See Fox, Godfrey, & Blomquist (1952) for the first report from NC.
Cyperaceae	Carex crus-corvi	Crowfoot Sedge, Ravenfoot Sedge	Swamp forests, especially over calcareous substrates.	Se. VA south to Panhandle FL, west to TX, north in the interior to IN, s. ON, MI, and MN.
Cyperaceae	Carex cryptolepis	Yellow Sedge	Acid, boggy sites.	NL west to MN, south to NJ, NY, s. OH, c. IN, and ne. IL.
Cyperaceae	Carex cumberlandensis	Cumberland Sedge	Rich, mesic to dry, deciduous or mixed forests, especially over calcareous substrates.	Sw. PA, s. OH, s. IL south to c. NC, c. SC, c. GA, sc. AL, e. MS, and w. TN; disjunct in nw. AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex cumulata		Dry to wet acid barrens and glades.	NL west to SK, south to NJ, PA, IN, and IL.
Cyperaceae	Carex dasycarpa	Velvet Sedge	Maritime forests, hammocks, other sandy forests.	E. SC south to n. peninsular FL, west to MS. Gaddy & Rayner (1980) report this species from a number of barrier islands in Beaufort and Charleston counties, SC; it has since been found in Georgetown County, SC, as well.
Cyperaceae	Carex davisii	Davis's Sedge	Rich mesic upland forests, rich floodplain forests, calcareous oak savannas, calcareous meadows.	VT, ON, and MN south to VA (Fairfax County) (Steury 2004b), e. WV, nc. TN (Chester et al. 1993), AR, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex debilis	White-edged Sedge, Weak Sedge	Swamps, bogs, other moist to wet habitats.	MA west to s. IN, south to n. peninsular FL, Panhandle FL, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex decomposita	Cypress-knee Sedge, Epiphytic Sedge	Blackwater swamp forests, often growing on cypress knees, cypress bases, or fallen logs (often at or near water level), river sloughs, beaver marshes, less typically inland in sloughs or in depressions in bedrock river scour.	NY west to MI, south to sw. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), Panhandle FL, and TX; rarely disjunct inland from the Coastal Plain, especially in river sloughs or beaver marshes (Bradley et al. [in prep.]).
Cyperaceae	Carex deweyana var. deweyana	Dewey's Sedge	Rich, rocky forests.	NL west to AK, south to n. NJ, PA, ne. OH, n. IL, IA, SD, NM, and ID.
Cyperaceae	Carex diandra	Lesser Tussock Sedge	Swamps, bogs, peaty sedge meadows, especially over limestone.	Circumboreal, south in North America to w. MD, PA, TN, OH, IL, CO, CA; also reported from TN on the basis of a destroyed specimen.
Cyperaceae	Carex digitalis var. digitalis	Slender Woodland Sedge	Mesic to dry forests.	ME west to WI, south to FL and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex digitalis var. floridana	Southern Slender Woodland Sedge	Rich forests.	VA south to FL, west to TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex digitalis var. macropoda	Long-spiked Slender Woodland Sedge	Moist to dry forests.	PA and IL south to FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex disjuncta	Silvery Sedge	Bogs, depression ponds, swamps and marshes (including fresh to oligohaline tidal sites), often in disturbed areas.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to VA, NC, SC, OH, and IN.
Cyperaceae	Carex disperma	Soft-leaved Sedge	Bogs, acidic swamps.	Circumboreal, south in North America to n. NJ, c. PA, n. OH, n. IN, ne. IL, MN, SD, NM, AZ, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex distans		Disturbed areas.	Introduced in MD and PA; native of Eurasia.
Cyperaceae	Carex distenta	Widow Sedge	Waif on ballast.
Cyperaceae	Carex divisa	Divided Sedge, Separated Sedge	Brackish and oligohaline marshes.	Native of the Old World.
Cyperaceae	Carex divulsa		Fields, pastures, disturbed areas.	Native of Europe and w. Asia. Reported for Washington, DC, and MD.
Cyperaceae	Carex douglasii		Apparently a waif in urban St. Louis, MO.	Native of w. North America.
Cyperaceae	Carex duriuscula	Spikerush Sedge	Apparently a waif in urban St. Louis, MO.	Native of w. and nc. North America, east to n. IL.
Cyperaceae	Carex eburnea	Ebony Sedge, Bristleleaf Sedge	Calcareous cliffs, bluffs, and outcrops, westwards also in calcareous woodlands.	NL (Newfoundland) west to AK, south to w. VA, w. NC, nw. SC, c. AL, n. AR, NE, s. AB, and s. BC; early reports of this species from TX are referable to C. mckittrickensis P.W. Ball.
Cyperaceae	Carex echinata ssp. echinata	Star Sedge	Bogs, seeps, fens.	Ssp. echinata is circumboreal, ranging in North America from NL (Newfoundland) west to SK, south to DE, PA, IN, IA, and ND, and in the mountains to w. NC, nw. SC {Bradley et al. [in prep.]), and e. TN; also in w. North America from AK (Aleutians) and BC south to CO, UT, and s. CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex echinodes		Bottomland forests.	QC west to MB, south to CT, s. OH, s. IN, IL, MO, and e. NE.
Cyperaceae	Carex edwardsiana	Edwards Plateau Sedge	Ravine slopes over calcareous substrates.	Nearly endemic to the Edwards Plateau, but edging into the Blackland Prairie region.
Cyperaceae	Carex elliottii	Elliott’s Sedge	Bogs.	E. NC south to c. pen. FL and west to s. AL.
Cyperaceae	Carex emmonsii	Emmons’s Sedge	Longleaf pine sandhills, maritime forests, wet pine flatwoods, mesic or dry upland forests, sandy woodlands.	NS west to ON and WI, south to SC, GA, AL, MS, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex emoryi	Emory’s Sedge	Calcareous fens, spring marshes, wet meadows, seepages, ditches, rocky river scours, other wetlands.	NY and ND south to w. VA, s. IL, AR, TX, COA, and NLE.
Cyperaceae	Carex exilis	Meager Sedge, Exiled Sedge	Peaty seepage bogs.	NL (Newfoundland) and NL (Labrador) west to ON and n. MN, south to NJ, DE, MD, NY, n. MI, n. WI, and n. MN; disjunct southward in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of sc. NC and in the Gulf Coastal Plain of se. MS, sw. GA, and sw. AL. The southern occurrences are remarkably disjunct from the Canadian, northern Coastal Plain, and Great Lakes distribution.
Cyperaceae	Carex extensa	Long-bracted Sedge	Salt marshes, introduced around seaports.	Native of Europe.
Cyperaceae	Carex festucacea	Fescue Sedge	Bottomland forests, depression ponds and swamps, wet meadows.	VT west to MN, south to GA, Panhandle FL, AL, MS, LA, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex fissa var. aristata	Hammock Sedge	Wet pine savannas, roadside banks and ditches.	Extreme se. SC (Jasper Co.), s. GA (Clinch County) (Carter, Baker, & Morris 2009; Sorrie 1998b) south to c. peninsular FL, west to FL Panhandle and s. MS (Bryson et al. 1996).
Cyperaceae	Carex fissa var. fissa	Western Hammock Sedge	Prairie depressions, eastwards introduced in disturbed areas, including roadside ditches, sediment control ponds, and old railroad stockyards (well-established).	S. IL, MO, se. KS, and OK south to AR, se. TX, and TAM. See Simmons, Strong, & Parrish (2008) for additional information about the VA occurrence, and Knapp et al. (2011) and Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp (2016) about the MD and DE occurrences. McKenzie & Nelson (2022) discussed occurrences in MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex flacca	Glaucous Creeping Sedge	Depression in successional woodlands.	Native of Europe. Reported for Portage County, OH (Riley, Vincent, & Widrlechner 2020).
Cyperaceae	Carex flaccosperma	Meadow Sedge	Mesic forests, well-drained bottomlands.	MD and se. VA south to Panhandle FL, west to TX, north in the interior to s. MO and IL.
Cyperaceae	Carex flava	Yellow Sedge	Calcareous fens and seeps.	Circumboreal, ranging south in North America to NJ, PA, IN, ID, and BC; disjunct in sw. VA (Giles County). First reported for VA by Wieboldt et al. (1998).
Cyperaceae	Carex flexuosa	Flexuous White-edge Sedge, Rudge’s White-edge Sedge	Dry to moist upland forests, openings, grassy balds, granitic domes, rock outcrops.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to VA and MO, and in the Appalachian Mountains to w. NC and e. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex floridana	Florida Sedge	Mesic hammocks, dry hammocks, maritime forests.	S. NJ south to c. peninsular FL, west to TX. See McAvoy (2021) for discussion of the occurrence of this species in NJ, MD, DE, and VA.
Cyperaceae	Carex foenea	Hay Sedge	Dry woodlands.	NL (Labrador) and NL (Newfoundland) west to YT, south to CT, NY, s. NJ, PA, MI, and ID.
Cyperaceae	Carex folliculata	Northern Long Sedge	Bogs, boggy forests, high elevation forests (spruce-fir).	NL (Newfoundland) west to WI, south to NC and e. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex formosa	Handsome Sedge	Dry, calcareous forests.	QC west to ND, south to n. NJ, c. PA, nw. OH, ne. IL, and MN.
Cyperaceae	Carex frankii	Frank’s Sedge, Cattail Sedge	Bottomland forests, other wet to moist forests and disturbed areas.	W. NY and s. ON west to MI and se. NE, south to GA, AR, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex fraseriana	Fraser's Sedge, Lily-leaf Sedge	Cove forests, mostly rather acidic and associated with Rhododendron maximum, at moderate elevations.	A Southern and Central Appalachian endemic: w. MD and s. PA south through w. VA and WV to w. NC, e. TN, nw. SC, and n. GA (Jones & Coile 1988).
Cyperaceae	Carex fumosimontana	Smoky Mountain Sedge	Seepages at high elevations.	Endemic to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Cocke and Sevier counties, TN, Swain County, NC), specifically Clingmans Dome, Mount LeConte, and Mount Guyot.
Cyperaceae	Carex garberi	Garber's Sedge, Elk Sedge	Sandy swales and calcareous gravel shores.	NL (Labrador) west to AK, south to NY, nw. PA, n. OH, nw. IN, ne. IL, n. MN, ND, MT, ID, and OR. In the northeastern United States, this taxon is at its southern limit within the Great Lakes region. It is only known from our area in Erie County, PA (S. Grund, pers. comm., 2022). In this area of nw. PA and adjacent areas of w. NY, Carex garberi is rare and grows atop calcareous rocks and escarpments associated with large rivers and other bodies of water, as well as in calcareous fens and similar seepages.
Cyperaceae	Carex geyeri	Geyer's Sedge	Limestone bluff.	AB and BC south to NM, AZ, and n. CA; disjunct in c. PA (Centre County).
Cyperaceae	Carex gholsonii	Gholson's Sedge	Moist calcareous forests, especially marl flats and bottomlands over coquina.	E. NC south to c. peninsular FL, west to s. AL.
Cyperaceae	Carex gigantea	Giant Sedge	Swamps, bottomland forests, cypress depressions.	DE south to s. FL, west to e. TX, north in the interior to nw. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), IN and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex glaucescens	Blue Sedge, Southern Waxy Sedge	Blackwater swamps, pocosins, wet pine savannas, seepage bogs, depression ponds, pondcypress savannas, other acid and peaty situations.	E. MD south to c. peninsular FL, west to e. TX and se. OK (Buthod & Hoagland 2013); disjunct in nw. GA (Jones & Coile 1988) and c. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex glaucodea	Blue Sedge	Prairies, upland woodlands, especially in hardpan situations with alternating wet and dry conditions.	MA and ON west to s. IN and MO, south to NC, sc. TN, and AR. {distribution and abundance needing additional herbarium investigation}
Cyperaceae	Carex godfreyi	Godfrey's Sedge	Calcareous swamps, bottomlands, and mesic forests.	Se. NC south to se. GA, c. peninsular FL south to Martin County (FL), and west to Panhandle FL, sw. GA, and s. AL.
Cyperaceae	Carex gracilescens	Slender Loose-flowered Sedge	Moist, nutrient-rich forests, calcareous hammocks.	VT and s. QC west to WI, south to SC, AL, LA, and e. TX; disjunct in sw. GA and Panhandle FL.
Cyperaceae	Carex gracillima	Graceful Sedge	Moist ravine and slope forests, floodplains of rivers and large creeks.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MB, south to SC (Gaddy et al. 1984), n. GA, AL, and n. AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex granularis	Limestone Meadow Sedge, Corncob Sedge	Moist, nutrient-rich forests, especially bottomlands, mostly over calcareous rocks (limestone, dolostone, coquina limestone) or mafic rocks (diabase).	ME and QC west to SK, south to GA, FL (Ward 2021), OK, and ne. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex gravida	Pregnant Sedge, Heavy Sedge	Damp, mesic, or dry calcareous prairies, fields, pastures, roadsides.	ON west to SK, south to TN, MS, AR, TX, and NM, rarely introduced eastward. Steury (1999) reported var. lunelliana as new to MD (Calvert County). Reported for DE (Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp 2016).
Cyperaceae	Carex grayi	Gray’s Sedge	Bottomland forests, tidal swamps.	Sw. QC west to WI and IA, south to nw. GA and OK; disjunct in Panhandle FL.
Cyperaceae	Carex grisea	Inflated Narrowleaf Sedge	Well-drained floodplain forests, other mesic to dry-mesic forests, especially over base-rich substrates.	NB west to MN and SD, south to VA, TN, MS, LA, and TX. {habitats, distribution and abundance in our area needing additional herbarium investigation}
Cyperaceae	Carex gynandra	Nodding Sedge	Bogs, swamp forests, seepages, beaver wetlands.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to WI, n. VA, w. NC, n. GA, e. TN, OH, and WI. This is the most montane and northern element of the C. crinita complex, and the usual one encountered in the Mountains of our area.
Cyperaceae	Carex gynocrates	Northern Bog Sedge	Fens, calcareous seeps.	Greenland, Baffin Island, and Alaska south to ME, NY, w. PA (an old collection by Goldie), MI, WI, MN, ND, NM, UT, NV, and OR; Siberia.
Cyperaceae	Carex haydenii	Hayden’s Sedge	Wet meadows, wet prairies, minerotrophic fens.	NL (Newfoundland) and QC west to SD, south to s. PA, MD (C. Frye, pers. comm., 2000), IL, and IA.
Cyperaceae	Carex heliophila	Plains Sedge	Dry to mesic upland forests, sandy, loamy, or loess prairies.	ON west to BC, south to MI, IN, IL, MO, OK, NM, and WA.
Cyperaceae	Carex hirsutella	Hairy-leaved Sedge, Fuzzy Sedge	Dry-mesic oak-hickory forests, other mesic to dry forests, woodlands, and barrens.	ME, s. ON, and IA, south to GA and ne. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex hirta		Dry sandy areas.	Native of Eurasia. The report of C. hirta for NC (Burk 1961, RAB) is based on a misidentification of C. pumila (Reznicek 1993).
Cyperaceae	Carex hirtifolia	Pubescent Sedge	Nutrient-rich, though often rather dry, forests and woodlands.	NB west to MN, south to MD, sw. VA, c. TN, KY, MO, and e. KS.
Cyperaceae	Carex hitchcockiana	Hitchcock’s Sedge	Rich, moist to dry forests, especially over limestone, other calcareous, or mafic rocks.	MA west to MN, south to NC, sc. TN, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex hormathodes	Marsh Straw Sedge	Freshwater and slightly brackish tidal marshes, interdune ponds.	NL (Newfoundland) south to ne. NC, along the coast.
Cyperaceae	Carex howei	Howe's Sedge, Prickly Bog Sedge	Bogs and seepages, often growing in Sphagnum.	NS west to MI and nw. IN, south to c. peninsular FL and e. TX, predominantly (but by no means strictly) on the Coastal Plain.
Cyperaceae	Carex hyalina		Bottomland forests.	TN, AR, and OK, south to MS, LA, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex hyalinolepis	Shoreline Sedge	Tidal marshes, tidal and nontidal swamp forests.	NJ south to Panhandle FL, west to TX, north in the interior to KS and NE; disjunct around the Great Lakes in MI, IN, and s. ON.
Cyperaceae	Carex hystericina	Porcupine Sedge	Calcareous fens, marshes, and wet meadows, in seepage over serpentine.	NB west to BC, south to w. VA, sc. TN, w. TX, and n. CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex ignota	Incognito Sedge, Incognito Lined Sedge	Mesic slope and ravine forests, upper terraces of floodplains in bottomland hardwood forests.	E. SC south to n. FL, west to w. TN, e. TX, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex impressinervia		Moist forests, along small streams and lower mesic slopes, probably associated with mafic or calcareous rocks..	Sc. NC south to AL and west to MS, apparently very rare and widely scattered.
Cyperaceae	Carex interior	Inland Sedge	Calcareous or ultramafic seeps, fens, and wet meadows.	NL (Newfoundland) and NL (Labrador) west to s. AK, south to w. VA, n. AR, n. AZ, and n. CA; disjunct in Mexico (CHI) (but not in Villaseñor 2016).
Cyperaceae	Carex intumescens var. fernaldii	Fernald’s Bladder Sedge	Spruce-fir forests, northern hardwood forests, grassy balds.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MB, south to NY, n. PA, MI, MN, and, at higher elevations in the Appalachians, to w. VA, w. NC, and e. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex intumescens var. intumescens	Bladder Sedge, Pregnant Sedge	Bogs, fens, seeps, wet forests.	NS west to WI, south to c. peninsular FL and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex jamesii	James's Sedge	Nutrient-rich bottomlands, levee forests, and mesic slopes over calcareous or mafic rocks.	MD and NY west to MI, MN, and e. NE, south to c. SC, GA, and LA.
Cyperaceae	Carex joorii	Joor's Sedge, Hummock Sedge, Cypress-swamp Sedge	Swamps, upland depression swamps in the Piedmont, sphagnous wetlands.	E. MD south to n. peninsular FL and Panhandle FL, west to e. TX, north in the interior to TN, MO, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex juniperorum	Juniper Sedge	On edges of calcareous glades and barrens, in subxeric to submesic calcareous woodlands.	This species was recently described, and is so far known only from alvars in s. ON, calcareous glades and barrens in s. OH and ne. KY, and has recently been found in Montgomery Co., VA (Belden et al. 2004) and Botetourt Co., VA (Townsend, pers. comm., 2008).
Cyperaceae	Carex kobomugi	Sea Isle Sedge, Japanese Beach Sedge, Asian Sand Sedge	Sand dunes, especially on fore-dunes.	Native of Japan.
Cyperaceae	Carex kraliana	Kral's Sedge	Mesic forests, slightly acidic to circumneutral.	MD, WV (Vanderhorst et al. 2019), OH, and IN south to Panhandle FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex lacustris	Lakeshore Sedge, Lakeside Sedge	Calcareous spring marshes, freshwater to oligohaline tidal marshes.	QC west to SK, south to e. VA, w. VA, and NE.
Cyperaceae	Carex laeviconica	Smooth-cone Sedge	Moist forests and wetlands.	ON west to SK, south to IL, MO, KS, and MT.
Cyperaceae	Carex laevivaginata	Smooth-sheathed Sedge	Marshes, swamp forests, alluvial forests.	MA, MI, and MN, south to Panhandle FL, AL, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex lasiocarpa var. americana	Slender Sedge	In shallow water of alkaline spring seeps, on hummocks in acidic basin marshes, and in high elevation fen over amphibolite.	A circumboreal species; var. lasiocarpa is Eurasian, var. americana ranges from NL west to AK, south to NJ, WV, MD (C. Frye, pers. comm. 2000), VA, nw. NC, MO, IA, CO, UT, and n. CA. Reported for the Ozark portion of MO (J. Thomas, pers. comm., 2020). First reported for VA by Wieboldt et al. (1998). Found for the first time in NC in the valley of Long Hope Creek (Ashe County, NC), in Jul 1999 by A.S. Weakley and P.D. McMillan.
Cyperaceae	Carex latebracteata	Waterfall's Sedge	Dry-mesic to mesic forests over calcareous or subcalcareous substrate.	Endemic to the Ouachita Mountains of AR and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex laxiculmis	Spreading Sedge	Slope or alluvial forests, both acidic and rich.	S. ME west to s. WI and s. IA, south to NC, nw. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), n. AL, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex laxiflora	Broad Loose-flowered Sedge	In a wide range of moist to dry, acidic to nutrient-rich forests.	NL west to ON, south to GA, FL Panhandle, MS, and LA.
Cyperaceae	Carex leavenworthii	Leavenworth’s Sedge	Dry forests, especially in sandy soils.	NY, ON, and NE south to Panhandle FL and TX. Reported for DE (Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp 2016), and considered "likely non-native" there.
Cyperaceae	Carex leptalea var. harperi	Harper’s Sedge	Bogs, seeps, blackwater bottomlands, usually in saturated conditions with Sphagnum spp.	NJ south to c. peninsular FL, west to TX, inland in the interior to IN and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex leptalea var. leptalea	Bristly-stalk Sedge	Bogs, seeps, usually in saturated conditions with Sphagnum spp.	NL (Labrador) west to AK, south to NC, TN, MO, SD, NM, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex leptonervia	Nerveless Woodland Sedge	Nutrient-rich forests, such as rich, seepy northern hardwoods forests.	NL (Newfoundland) west to MN, south to NJ, PA, IN, and WI, and in the Appalachians south to NC and SC (L.L. Gaddy, pers.comm., 2009).
Cyperaceae	Carex limosa	Mud Sedge	Bogs, swamps, wet meadows, medium to poor fens and bogs.	Circumboreal, south in North America to se. PA (Dauphin County, Rhoads & Klein 1993; Rhoads & Block 2007), NJ, DE (historical), OH, IN, NE, UT, and CA. More commonly northward in a variety of medium to poor peatlands. This inherently northern species of peatland habitats does occur very sparingly southward to portions of our region. It is extirpated from DE and is now apparently extant in only one or a few location(s) each in NJ and OH; but locally abundant and probably S3 in PA (S. Grund, pers. comm., 2023). Carex limosa was likely never legitimately collected from s. IN and is considered S1 in the northern portions of the state (S. Namestnik, pers. comm., 2023).
Cyperaceae	Carex livida		Bogs and fens.	Circumboreal, south in North America to s. NJ, NY, MI, IN, MN, CO, and CA; also disjunct in Panama and South America.
Cyperaceae	Carex lonchocarpa	Southern Long Sedge	Pocosin margins, small blackwater stream swamps, bogs.	S. MD south to ne. FL and Panhandle FL, west to e. TX; rarely inland, as in sc. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex longii	Long's Sedge	Bogs, low fields, bottomlands, oak flatwoods.	NS west to WI, south to s. FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex louisianica	Louisiana Sedge	Floodplain forests and other wet forests.	NJ south to ne. FL, Panhandle FL, west to TX, north in the interior to KY, IN, and MO; disjunct in ne. OH. McAvoy (2021) documented the occurrence of the species in DE.
Cyperaceae	Carex lucorum	Northern Woodland Sedge	Moist forests.	NB west to MN, south to MD (Cecil County; C. Frye, pers. comm. based on specimen at DOV), DE (Knapp et al. 2011), and PA.
Cyperaceae	Carex lupuliformis	Umbo Sedge, False Hop Sedge	Wet forests, floodplain pools, blackwater, tidal, and brownwater swamps, riverbanks, especially in or around seasonal ponded areas, maybe especially associated with alkaline areas.	VT and QC west to se. WI, south to s. FL and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex lupulina	Hop Sedge	Bottomland forests, wet meadows, marshes, swamps.	NS west to MN, south to ne. FL and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex lurida	Sallow Sedge	Bogs, fens, swamps, marshes, ditches, and other wetlands.	NS west to MN, south to c. peninsular FL, Panhandle FL, and Mexico (COA, MEX, MOR, VER).
Cyperaceae	Carex lutea	Golden Sedge	Wet pine savannas shallowly underlain by coquina limestone, with open canopy of Taxodium ascendens, Pinus palustris, and Liriodendron tulipifera, also more acid substrates in Panhandle FL, where in wet pineland ecotones between sandhills and small stream swamps.	Known from isolated locations in NC, SC, and FL. Originally thought to be endemic to Pender and Onslow counties, NC (where associated with other narrow endemics, such as Thalictrum cooleyi and Allium species 1, and other rare species, such as Plantago sparsiflora, Parnassia caroliniana, Rhynchospora thornei, and others), but discovered in 2021 in e. SC (Francis Marion NF) and Panhandle FL (by Lilly Anderson-Messec).
Cyperaceae	Carex macrocephala		Sandy beaches.	Native of e. Asia.
Cyperaceae	Carex macrostachys
Cyperaceae	Carex manhartii	Blue Ridge Purple Sedge, Manhart's Sedge	Cove forests and montane oak-hickory forests, mostly at medium to fairly high elevations, especially over mafic rocks (such as amphibolite) and calcareous rocks (such as marble), but occurring on more acidic substrates as well.	Endemic to s. WV, sw. VA, w. NC, nw. SC, ne. GA, and se. TN, in the Blue Ridge Mountains. Once considered very rare, this species is now known to be locally common in portions of sw. NC and adjacent ne. GA. For more information on the VA occurrence, see Belden et al. (2004).
Cyperaceae	Carex meadii	Mead's Sedge	Mesic to wet prairies, loess prairies, limestone barrens and glades, open woodlands and savannas over calcareous substrates, on low, moist clayey or loamy soils over mafic or ultramafic rocks (such as diabase or serpentine) or calcareous rocks.	S. NY, NJ, MI, and SK, south to nc. SC, nw. GA, sw. LA, se. TX, and CHI.
Cyperaceae	Carex melanostachya		Ditches and wet or moist disturbed areas.	Native of Eurasia.
Cyperaceae	Carex merrittfernaldii		Dry sandy and other acid places.	NB west to MB, south to NY (Long Island), n. OH, s. WI, and MN.
Cyperaceae	Carex mesochorea	Midland Sedge	Mesic to dry forests and woodlands, dry grassy areas.	MA, ON, and NE south to GA, AL, and TX. First reported for South Carolina by Hill & Horn (1997).
Cyperaceae	Carex michauxiana	Michaux's Sedge	Bogs, seeps, usually in Sphagnum.	NL (Labrador) and MB south to MA, n. MI, n. WI, n. MN, and SK; disjunct in w. MD.
Cyperaceae	Carex microdonta	Little-tooth Sedge	Limestone glades, calcareous prairies, Jackson prairies (MS), limestone barrens, and dry Black Belt chalk prairies, including disturbed sites, where often locally dominant.	AL and Panhandle FL west to MO, KS, OK, TX, NM, and AZ.
Cyperaceae	Carex misera	Wretched Sedge	Moderate to high elevation cliffs and rock outcrops.	A Southern Blue Ridge endemic: nw. NC and w. TN south to ne. GA (Rabun County) and nw. SC. Discovered for SC in 2022 (S. Tessel, pers.comm. 2022).
Cyperaceae	Carex missouriensis	Missouri Sedge	Prairie swales.	Wc. IN, IL west through s. IA and MO to se. NE and e. KS
Cyperaceae	Carex mitchelliana	Mitchell's Sedge	Swampy woodlands and forests, seeps.	Se. MA west to PA and KY, south to Panhandle FL, n. AL, and sc. TN. This species has a scattered distribution throughout its range, and is apparently rare.
Cyperaceae	Carex molesta	Troublesome Sedge	Dry to moist calcareous soils in calcareous glades and open woodlands.	NH west to ND, south to VA, AL, MS, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex molestiformis	Frightful Sedge	Bottomland forests, wet meadows, ditches, ravines, especially over calcareous substrates.	W. VA, WV, s. OH, c. KY, and c. MO south to nw. NC, n. GA, c. TN, n. MS, sw. AR, and se. OK (likely to be more widespread after further study).
Cyperaceae	Carex muehlenbergii var. enervis	Muhlenberg’s Sedge	Dry and often acidic woodlands and meadows.	NH west to MN and NE, south to GA, AL, MS, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex muehlenbergii var. muehlenbergii	Muehlenberg’s Sedge	Dry to dry-mesic hammocks and woodlands.	ME, ON, and MN south to Panhandle FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex muricata ssp. lamprocarpa		Fields, pastures, lawns, disturbed areas.	A European alien, with known occurrences south to e. PA (Rhoads & Block 2007) and MD.
Cyperaceae	Carex muskingumensis	Muskingum Sedge	Floodplain forests.	ON and MN south to KY, TN, e. AR, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex nebrascensis	Nebraska Sedge	Wet meadows, swamps, moist areas.	Native of the western Great Plains and Rocky Mountains.
Cyperaceae	Carex nigromarginata	Black-edged Sedge	Dry woodlands and forests.	DE and NJ west to WI, south to SC, GA, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex normalis	Greater Straw Sedge	Mesic to wet forests, moist prairies, marshes, seeps.	ME, QC, and ON south to GA and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex novae-angliae	New England Sedge	Moist forests.	NL (Newfoundland) and ON, south to e. PA, n. WV, and WI.
Cyperaceae	Carex oblita	Southern Dark Green Sedge	Bogs, seeps, sphagnous swamps. and other wet habitats.	NY (Long Island) and NJ south to sc. GA, west to w. LA, mostly on the Coastal Plain, but extending much less commonly inland to the Piedmont and Mountains.
Cyperaceae	Carex oklahomensis	Oklahoma Sedge	Seepages, disturbed wetlands, roadside ditches, eastwards probably adventive.	Se. MO west to KS, south to AR, and ne. TX; disjunct (and apparently adventive) in various scattered sites east of the Mississippi River, as in AL, MS, GA, w. NC (Graham County) and w. VA (Giles County). First reported for VA by Wieboldt et al. (1998). See Bryson & Rothrock (2010) for further discussion; they consider that this species is "introduced during highway and reservoir construction or maintenance in contaminated hay, grass seeds or on construction, maintenance, and mowing equipment."
Cyperaceae	Carex oligocarpa	Eastern Few-fruited Sedge	Rich forests, over calcareous or mafic rocks.	MA west to MN, south to FL and TX. C. oligocarpa sensu stricto is in SC (P. McMillan, pers. comm., specimen at CLEMS).
Cyperaceae	Carex oligosperma	Few-seeded Sedge	Bogs, fens, and seeps at high elevations in the s. Appalachian mountains, abundant but local in temperate and boreal peatlands further northward.	NL (Newfoundland) west to NT, south to CT, c. PA, n. OH, n. IN, WI, and MN; disjunct southwards in WV (Hardy County) and NC (Ashe, Avery, Mitchell, and Watauga counties).
Cyperaceae	Carex opaca	Opaque Sedge	Prairies, eastwards in disturbed areas, such as introduced at old railroad livestock yard and well-established.	IL, MO, and KS south to MS, AR, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex ormostachya	Necklace Spike Sedge	Northern hardwood forests.	S. Canada south to ME, MA, PA, w. VA (Augusta County), e. WV, n. OH, MI, and WI.
Cyperaceae	Carex ouachitana	Ouachita Mountain Sedge	Dry to dry-mesic slope and ridge forests.	Disjunct in nc. TN and sc. KY from the Interior Highlands of w. AR and e. OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex ovalis	Egg-bracted Sedge	Grassy balds, disturbed areas.	Native of Eurasia. Known to range in North America from NL (Newfoundland) and NY south to w. NC and ne. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex oxylepis	Sharp-scaled Sedge	Bottomlands, calcareous forests.	VA, KY, IL, MO, and OK south to c. peninsular FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex ozarkana	Ozark Sedge	Seeps, streambanks, depressions in prairies.	AR and e. OK south to n. LA and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex paeninsulae	Peninsula Sedge	Mesic hammocks.	Endemic to FL peninsula, north into ne. FL (Suwanee and Duval counties).
Cyperaceae	Carex pallescens	Pale Sedge	Grassy balds at high elevations, other grassy openings.	Circumboreal (in ne. North America and n. Eurasia); in North America ranging from NL (Newfoundland), QC, and MN, south to w. NC, e. TN, and MI. C. pallescens is reported to occur on Big Bald, Unicoi County, TN, immediately adjacent to the NC line (Churchill et al. 1992).
Cyperaceae	Carex panicea	Grasslike Sedge	Wet to dry, usually sandy, acidic fields.	Native of Europe.
Cyperaceae	Carex pauciflora	Few-flowered Sedge	Open bogs.	Circumboreal, south in North America to NY, WV (Grant, Randolph, and Tucker counties), WI, MN, and WA.
Cyperaceae	Carex paupercula	Boreal Bog Sedge	Sphagnum bogs, boggy swamps.	Circumboreal, south in North America to n. NJ, c. PA, MI, WI, MN, NM, and WA.
Cyperaceae	Carex peckii	Peck's Sedge	Mesic to dry calcareous rocky slopes and open forests, alvars.	Boreal North America, reaching furthest south to n. NJ, NY, n. OH, s. MI, s. WI, e. IA, NE, CO, and BC.
Cyperaceae	Carex pedunculata	Longstalk Sedge	Nutrient-rich dry to mesic forests, usually over calcareous or mafic rocks.	NL (Newfoundland), SK, and ND, south to NJ, w. VA, sw. NC (Gaddy et al. 1984), nw. SC (Gaddy et al. 1984), nw. GA (Dade County) (Jones & Coile 1988), n. AL, c. IN, c. IL, and n. IA.
Cyperaceae	Carex pellita	Woolly Sedge	Calcareous fens, wet meadows, depression swamps.	NB west to BC, south to sc. NC, w. VA, sc. NC (Suther Prairie, Cabarrus County), sc. TN (May Prairie, Coffee County), e. TN, AR, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex pendula	Pendulous Sedge	Disturbed areas.	Native of Europe. Introduced in VA (FNA, Kartesz 1999).
Cyperaceae	Carex pensylvanica	Pennsylvania Sedge	Dry to moist woodlands and forests, grassy balds, shale barrens, rock outcrops.	ME west to s, MB and ND, south to VA, KY, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex perdentata	Sandstone Sedge	Thin soils over sandstone, granite, or limestone, juniper-hardwood woodlands.	OK south to c. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex picta	Painted Sedge	Dry to dry-mesic oak-hickory forests.	S. IN south through KY and c. TN to nc. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), c. AL, and e. LA.
Cyperaceae	Carex pigra	Lazy Sedge	Moist forests, bottomlands.	Se. VA west to se. and sc. TN, south to n. FL, s. AL, and ne. MS.
Cyperaceae	Carex planispicata	Flat-spiked Sedge	Rich to fairly acid mesic forests, on slopes and floodplains.	C. NJ west to s. IN, se. MO, and se. OK, south to c. GA, s. MS, and se. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex planostachys	Cedar Sedge	Juniper woodlands.	AR and OK south to TX and Mexico (CHP, CHH, COA, DGO, GTO, MEX, NLE, OAX, PUE, SLP, TAM, TLX, ZAC).
Cyperaceae	Carex plantaginea	Plantainleaf Sedge, Seersucker Sedge	Rich cove forests, mostly over mafic or calcareous rocks, montane alluvial forests.	NB west to MN, south to MD, NJ, VA, NC, ne. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), e. TN, c. TN, KY, and s. IN.
Cyperaceae	Carex platyphylla	Broadleaf Sedge	Rich cove forests, mostly over mafic or calcareous rock.	ME and s. QC west to WI, south to , nw. SC, NC, e. TN, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex polymorpha	Variable Sedge	Dry, acidic ridgetop forests.	ME south to MD, VA, and WV.
Cyperaceae	Carex praegracilis	Freeway Sedge	Medians of interstate highways.	Native of w. North America south to c. Mexico. This species is apparently spreading through ne. North America as the result of the winter salting of highways.
Cyperaceae	Carex prairea	Prairie Sedge	Calcareous fens and spring marshes, wet prairies, marshes, bottomlands.	QC west to YT, south to NJ, w. VA, OH, NE, MT, and BC.
Cyperaceae	Carex prasina	Drooping Sedge	Seepage swamps, brook banks, rocky stream margins, rich forests.	ME, ON, and WI south to GA, MS, and AR; in nearly all TN counties adjacent to NC and VA.
Cyperaceae	Carex projecta	Necklace Sedge	Moist forests, fens.	NL (Newfoundland), NL (Labrador), and SK south to NC, IN, IL, and IA.
Cyperaceae	Carex pseudocyperus	Flatsedge Sedge	Calcareous swamps and marshes.	NL west to AB, south to n. NJ, ne. and nw. PA, n. OH, n. IN, WI, MN, and SD.
Cyperaceae	Carex pumila		Open disturbed sand flats.	Native of Asia.
Cyperaceae	Carex purpurifera	Limestone Purple Sedge	Moist, rich cove forests, at low elevations, over calcareous or mafic rocks.	WV (Vanderhorst et al. 2019), w. VA and KY south to n. GA and n. AL, mostly west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, but with scattered disjunct populations on calcareous or mafic sites in the Blue Ridge.
Cyperaceae	Carex radfordii	Radford's Sedge	Very nutrient-rich, moist cove forests in the Blue Ridge Escarpment region, over calcareous or mafic rocks (especially along the Brevard Fault).	Endemic to the Blue Ridge Escarpment of sw. NC, nw. SC, and ne. GA.
Cyperaceae	Carex radiata	Eastern Star Sedge	Mesic to wet-mesic forests.	NS west to MB, south to SC, AL, LA, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex reniformis	Kidney Sedge	Floodplain forests (including blackwater), marshes, ditches, other wet areas.	VA, IL, and OK south to FL Panhandle and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex retroflexa	Reflexed Sedge	Dry to mesic forests, especially over base-rich substrates.	ME, MI and IA, south to n. peninsular FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex retrorsa		Bottomland forests and nutrient-rich moist forests.	NB and BC, south to n. NJ, sc. PA, IL, UT; reported, apparently erroneously, for DE and MD.
Cyperaceae	Carex reznicekii	Reznicek’s Sedge	Dry to mesic forests and woodlands.	RI, NY, PA, KY, and MO, south to SC, sw. GA, se. AL, Panhandle FL, n. MS and AR. To be expected in WV.
Cyperaceae	Carex richardsonii	Richardson’s Sedge	Open meadows over serpentine; westwards in moist prairies, hill prairies, sand dunes	VT west to AB, south to DC, MD, OH, IN, IA, and SD.
Cyperaceae	Carex roanensis	Roan Mountain Sedge	Cove forests, moderate to high elevation oak forests, northern hardwood forests.	Sw. PA, w. VA, and e. WV south through e. KY, e. TN, w. NC to se. TN and nw. GA (Smith & Waterway 2008; Smith et al. 2006). First reported for VA by Wieboldt et al. (1998).
Cyperaceae	Carex rosea	Rosy Sedge	Dry to dry-mesic hardwood forests, especially over basic substrates.	NS west to MB, south to FL Panhandle and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex rugosperma	Parachute Sedge	Old fields, shallow soils of rock outcrops, exposed forest margins.	PE west to MN, south to GA, TN, IN, IL, and MO. Reported for South Carolina by Hill & Horn (1997).
Cyperaceae	Carex ruthii	Ruth's Sedge	Seepage areas, in forest or open areas.	A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. VA south through w. NC and e. TN to nw. SC and n. GA.
Cyperaceae	Carex sangamonensis	Midwestern Blunt Broom Sedge, Sangamon Sedge	Bottomland forests, marshes.	OH, IL, and KS, south to SC, AL, LA, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex sartwellii	Sartwell’s Sedge	Bottomland and mesic upland prairies.	QC west to BC, south to PA, OH, IN, IL, MO, CO, and ID.
Cyperaceae	Carex scabrata	Eastern Rough Sedge	Seepage slopes, brook-banks, often in shade.	NS west to MI, south to NJ, n. GA, OH, and n. IN; disjunct in sw. MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex schweinitzii	Schweinitz's Sedge	Calcareous fens, spring marshes, seeps, wet meadows, bogs.	VT west to n. MI, south to NJ (and MO?); disjunct in NL (Newfoundland).
Cyperaceae	Carex scoparia	Broom Sedge	Bogs, swamp forests, marshes, seepy ledges, ditches.	NL (Newfoundland) west to BC, south to GA, MS, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex secalina	Rye Sedge		Native of Europe.
Cyperaceae	Carex seorsa	Weak Stellate Sedge	Swamp forests in acid, organic soils.	MA south to GA and Panhandle FL in the Coastal Plain, scattered inland westward to NY, OH, MI, IN, AR, and TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex shinnersii	Shinners's Sedge	Ephemeral wetlands.	KS south through w. AR and OK to ne. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex shortiana	Short's Sedge	Calcareous bottomlands, moist forests, and meadows.	PA, s. ON, IL, and IA, south to w. VA, e. TN, AR, and OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex siccata	Bronze Sedge	Dry upland habitats.	ME and NT south to NJ, WV, OH, IL, MN, and AZ.
Cyperaceae	Carex silicea	Seabeach Sedge	Interdune swales, beaches, maritime woodlands.	NL (Newfoundland) south to VA, along the coast.
Cyperaceae	Carex socialis	Low Woodland Sedge	Blackwater and brownwater swamp forests and bottomlands, forested seepage areas.	Se. and sc. NC south to e. GA, west to e. TX, and north in the interior to s. IN, s. IL, and se. MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex sparganioides	Bur-reed sedge	Dry to moist, usually nutrient-rich forests.	ME, ON, MN, and SD south to GA, AR, and KS.
Cyperaceae	Carex species 3	Fen Sedge	Ultramafic fens.	Endemic (so far as is known) to the Glades, Alleghany County, NC and Grayson County, VA.
Cyperaceae	Carex species 4		Thin soils over acidic gneiss.	Endemic (so far as is known) to Alleghany County, NC.
Cyperaceae	Carex species 5		In seepage in thin soils over granite and granitic gneiss.	Buncombe County NC south to Greenville County, SC and Rabun County, GA.
Cyperaceae	Carex species 6	Balsam Sedge	Spruce-fir forests, northern hardwoods forests, and grassy balds.	W. NC and e. TN.
Cyperaceae	Carex species 7		Moderate to high elevation oak, acid coves, and other hardwood forests.	Southern Appalachians and nearby, lower elevation provinces, the distribution still poorly known, probably VA and KY south to SC, GA, and AL.
Cyperaceae	Carex species 8		Northern hardwood forests.	South to Blackwater Falls State Park, WV.
Cyperaceae	Carex spicata	Prickly Sedge	Fields, lawns, cracks in sidewalks.	Native of Europe and w. Asia. Reported as south to s. NJ, n. DE, c. MD. VA reports said to be erroneous in FNA, but correct records have been recorded since. Undoubtedly more common than records indicate.
Cyperaceae	Carex sprengelii	Sprengel's Sedge, Long-beaked Sedge	Calcareous forests, woodlands, outcrops, and prairies. Rich woods and alluvial areas.	QC west to AK, south to n. NJ, e. PA (Rhoads & Block 2007), n. DE (historical, New Castle Co.; B. McAvoy, pers. comm.), OH, IN, IL, MO, and NM.
Cyperaceae	Carex squarrosa	Squarrose Sedge	Bottomland forests, tidal swamps.	CT west to se. ME and NE, south to NC, n. SC, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex sterilis	Sterile Sedge	Mafic and calcareous fens and swamps.	NL (Newfoundland) west to SK, south to sw. VA (Grayson County), ne. TN (formerly), IL, and MO. First reported for VA by Wieboldt et al. (1998).
Cyperaceae	Carex stipata var. maxima	Large Stalk-grain Sedge	Marshes, ditches, sloughs, alluvial forests, cypress-gum forests.	NJ south to c. peninsular FL, west to TX, north in the interior to s. MO, s. IN, w. TN, and w. KY, primarily on the Coastal Plain.
Cyperaceae	Carex stipata var. stipata	Stalk-grain Sedge, Awl-fruit Sedge	Marshes, ditches, alluvial forests.	NL (Newfoundland) west to AK, south to SC, TN, KS, and NM.
Cyperaceae	Carex straminea	Straw Sedge	Pools in river scours, fresh tidal and nontidal marshes, other wetlands, wet oak savannas.	MA west to WI, south to NC, KY, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex striata var. brevis	Walter’s Sedge	Pocosins, limesink ponds, small depression ponds, clay-based Carolina bays, acid peaty swamps, wet savannas (dominated by Pinus serotina and/or Taxodium ascendens).	E. MA south to SC.
Cyperaceae	Carex striata var. striata	Walter’s Sedge, Pocosin Sedge	Pocosins, limesink ponds, small depression ponds, clay-based Carolina bays, acid peaty swamps, wet savannas (dominated by Pinus serotina and/or Taxodium ascendens).	SC south to c. FL and Panhandle FL.
Cyperaceae	Carex striatula	Lined Sedge	Bottomland and other nutrient-rich forests.	CT, se. NY, PA, s. OH, and w. KY south to n. FL, Panhandle FL, and s. MS. Former attribution of a wider distribution to the west (west of the Mississippi River) represents Carex ignota.
Cyperaceae	Carex stricta	Tussock Sedge, Upright Sedge	Bogs, sedge meadows, seeps, swamps, depression ponds, old beaver ponds.	QC and NS west to MB, south to GA, AL, MS, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex styloflexa	Bent Sedge	Bogs, wet forests, acid stream swamps.	CT west to s. OH, south to c. peninsular FL and se. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex suberecta	Prairie Straw Sedge	Fens, calcareous wetlands, marshes, wet prairies.	ON and MN south to sw. VA, WV, OH, IN, IL, AR, and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex superata	Limestone Forest Sedge	Mesic calcareous forests and woodlands.	Sc. NC, nc. SC, sw. VA, sc. KY, and ne. MS, south to Panhandle FL and s. AL. Reported for sw. VA (as C. willdenowii var. megarrhyncha) by Wieboldt et al. (1998).
Cyperaceae	Carex swanii	Swan’s Sedge	Nutrient-rich forests, woodlands, and openings.	NS, s. MI, s. WI, south to nw. SC and ne. AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex sylvatica	European Woodland Sedge	Pastures, lawns.	Native of Europe.
Cyperaceae	Carex tenax	Wiry Sedge	Open white sands of longleaf pine sandhills.	Sc. NC south to Panhandle FL, west to MS; also in sw. LA and se. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex tenera	Slender Sedge, Quill Sedge	Low forests, upland forests over hardpans, mesic prairies, wet ditches.	NS west to BC, south to VA, NC, n. GA, ne. TN, MO, KS, WY, and OR.
Cyperaceae	Carex tetanica	Rigid Sedge	Moist forests, calcareous seeps, calcareous fens, wet prairies, wet meadows.	MA west to MN, NE, and AB, south to NJ, MD, VA, e. TN (Campbell County; A. Floden, pers. comm.), KY, MO, n. AR, and NE. Reports from NC are all based on misidentifications.
Cyperaceae	Carex tetrastachya	Four-angle Sedge	Wet prairies and swamps over calcareous substrates.	OK south to LA and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex texensis	Texas Sedge	Lawns, pastures, roadsides, usually weedy, especially in rocky or sandy soils.	NY, OH, and KS south to FL and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex thornei	Thorne's Sedge	Mesic deciduous forests, often in the upper floodplain.	Endemic to the drainage of the Apalachicola/Chattahoochee and Flint in s. GA and s. AL south to Panhandle FL
Cyperaceae	Carex timida	Timid Sedge	Calcareous, dry to mesic woodlands and forests.	Scattered and disjunct, from OH, IN, s. IL, and s. MO to KY, TN, n. AL, and AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex tonsa	Shaved Sedge	Dry rock outcrops, xeric disturbed areas, old fields.	QC west to AB, south to VA, WV (Vanderhorst et al. 2013), nw. SC, n. GA, e. TN, IN, and WI.
Cyperaceae	Carex torta	Streambed Sedge, Twisted Sedge	Rocky streambeds, often dominant in patches in the beds of mountain streams, along their banks, and on rocky or cobbly islands.	NS west to ON, south to sc. NC, SC (Gaddy 1981), nc. GA (Jones & Coile 1988), AL, nw. MS, s. AR, and e. OK.
Cyperaceae	Carex triangularis	Eastern Fox Sedge	Moist forests, ditches, other wet sites.	SC and GA west to KS and TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex tribuloides	Blunt Broom Sedge	Bottomland forests.	NB west to MN and NE, south to c. peninsular FL, GA, TN, MO, and KS.
Cyperaceae	Carex trichocarpa	Hairy-fruited Sedge	Calcareous fens, wet meadows, marshes.	QC west to MN, south to DE, w. NC, WV, IN, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex trisperma	Three-seeded Sedge	Bogs, seeps, and swamps at high elevations (in NC and VA), usually growing in living Sphagnum, in shaded situations under shrubs or trees in montane wetlands, northward in bogs at low elevations.	NL (Labrador) west to SK, south to NJ, MD, OH, n. IN, IL, and MN; and in the mountains to w. NC and WV.
Cyperaceae	Carex tuckermanii		Calcareous swampy forests and wet meadows.	NB and MN south to WV, sc. PA, NJ, MD, and IL. A report for Alleghany County, NC appears to be erroneous.
Cyperaceae	Carex turgescens	Pinebarren Sedge	Sandhill seepage bogs, streamhead pocosins, pocosin-sandhill ecotones, canebrakes, cypress domes and stringers, in highly acidic, sandy-peaty soils.	Sc. NC south to Panhandle FL, west to se. LA, a Southeastern Coastal Plain endemic.
Cyperaceae	Carex typhina	Cattail Sedge	Bottomland forests, swamp forests.	ME and QC west to WI and se. MN, south to GA, Panhandle FL, and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex umbellata	Parasol Sedge	Limestone barrens, other barrens and glades, old fields, mowed areas, other open habitats.	Greenland west to AK, south through MN to TX and eastward.
Cyperaceae	Carex utriculata	Beaked Sedge	Wet meadows, calcareous seeps, spring marshes.	Boreal American, ranging south to DE, w. VA, nw. and sw. NC, ne. TN (Johnson County, where perhaps extirpated), IN, NE, NM, and CA. Recently verified for NC.
Cyperaceae	Carex venusta	Dark Green Sedge	Bay swamps, peat bogs, mossy wetlands, and other wet habitats.	Se. VA south to Panhandle FL, on the Coastal Plain.
Cyperaceae	Carex verrucosa		Pocosins, wet pinelands, pondcypress ponds, domes, stringers, and savannas.	Se. NC south to south to s. FL, west to w. LA and e. TX.
Cyperaceae	Carex vesicaria	Inflated Sedge	Bogs, spring marshes, depression ponds, mafic fens.	Circumboreal, ranging south in North America to DE, w. VA, nw. NC, KY, IN, MO, NM, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex vestita	Velvet Sedge	Low forests, bogs, seepage swamps, wet clearings and depressions.	S. ME south to se. VA, e. TN, and c. NC. See Ungberg (2022) for discussion of its occurrence in NC.
Cyperaceae	Carex vexans	Florida Hammock Sedge, Vexed Sedge	Marshes, ditches, swamps, hydric hammocks.	E. Panhandle FL south to s. FL.
Cyperaceae	Carex virescens	Ribbed Sedge	Nutrient-rich forests, woodlands, and openings.	S. ME, NY, and s. MI, south to e. VA, w. NC, nw. SC, and MO.
Cyperaceae	Carex viridistellata		Calcareous fens.	C. MI and n. IN south to extreme s. OH and c. IN.
Cyperaceae	Carex viridula ssp. oedocarpa		Wet, acid areas.	Native of Europe.
Cyperaceae	Carex viridula ssp. viridula	Green Sedge	Calcareous sand flats, pond shores, fens.	Circumboreal, south in North America to n. NJ, e. PA, nw. PA, c. OH, n. IN, ne. IL, WI, SD, NM, UT, and CA.
Cyperaceae	Carex vulpinoidea	Fox Sedge	Low fields, ditches, fens, seeps, tidal freshwater marshes, other wet (and especially disturbed) sites.	NL (Labrador) west to BC, south to FL, TX, SON, and CA, and Mexico (MIC, OAX, SON).
Cyperaceae	Carex wiegandii	Wiegand's Sedge	Bogs.	NL west to ON, south to MA, nc. PA, MI.
Cyperaceae	Carex willdenowii	Willdenow’s Sedge	Calcareous mesic forests, but also in more acidic dry-mesic upland oak forests.	MA, VT, NY, s. ON, and c. IN, south to nc. SC, n. AL, and s. IL; disjunct in c. AR.
Cyperaceae	Carex woodii	Wood's Sedge	Moist slopes and cove forests over mafic rocks (such as amphibolite), ultramafic rocks (such as olivine), or felsic rocks.	NY west to MB, south to NC, nw. SC (Gaddy et al. 1984), n. GA, and MO.

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